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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 1, 887-900, Copyright © 1981 by Society for Neuroscience
Nonrepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats exhibit pronounced responses to non-noxious environmental stimuli
G Aston-Jones and FE Bloom
The effect of sensory stimulation on discharge in norepinephrine-
containing locus coeruleus (NE-LC) neurons was studied in unanesthetized
behaving rats. Single unit and multiple unit extracellular recordings
demonstrated consistent patterns of response. (1) Short latency (15-to
50-msec), transient, biphasic changes in discharge were elicited
predictably by non-noxious auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli;
individual recordings typically exhibited polysensory responsiveness. (2)
Sensory-evoked field potentials (FPs) were synchronized with unit responses
simultaneously recorded from the same electrodes. (3) The magnitudes of
sensory-evoked response varied as a function of vigilance, so that the
largest responses occurred for stimuli which awakened animals and the least
responsiveness was exhibited during uninterrupted sleep. (4) Sensory
responsiveness decreased during grooming and sweet water consumption,
similar to the results for sleep. (5) Characteristic response properties
were topographically homogeneous throughout the NE-LC. (6) Discharge was
synchronized markedly among neurons in multiple unit populations during
phasic robust responses. These results are interpreted in light of the
preceding report (Aston-Jones, G., and F.E. Bloom (1981) J. Neurosci. 1:
876-886) and studies of the postsynaptic effects of NE to indicate that the
NE-LC system may function more in phasic processes than in modulation of
the tonic arousal level. We propose that pronouced NE-LC discharge may
enhance activity within target cell systems primarily concerned with
processing salient external stimuli and suppress cental nervous system
activity related more to tonic, vegetative functions. Thus, the NE-LC
system may bias global behavioral orientation between stimuli in the
external versus internal environments.
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