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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 3507-3515, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Survival effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on chick embryonic motoneurons in culture: comparison with other neurotrophic factors and cytokines
Y Arakawa, M Sendtner and H Thoenen
Department of Neurochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute for Psychiatry, Planegg-Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany.
In previous studies, it has been demonstrated that ciliary neurotrophic
factor (CNTF) has a potent survival effect on various populations of
neurons in culture, in particular, neurons isolated from chick ciliary,
dorsal root sensory, and sympathetic ganglia (Barbin et al., 1984). After
recent investigations demonstrated that CNTF prevents the degeneration of
motoneurons in newborn rats after axonal lesion (Sendtner et al., 1990),
the question arose as to whether CNTF also has a survival effect on
embryonic chick motoneurons at the developmental stage where physiological
cell death occurs. To study this, it was essential to develop an isolation
and culture procedure for the survival of chick E6 spinal motoneurons in
which non-neuronal cells were eliminated and the motoneurons were highly
enriched. In these cultures, virtually all of the initially plated
motoneurons survived for at least 3 d in the presence of muscle extract,
which was chosen as a positive control. Retrograde labeling of the
motoneurons prior to their isolation showed that there is more than an 80%
enrichment for motoneurons by the method used. The retrogradely labeled
neurons also fulfilled the morphological criteria (diameter of neurons,
appearance of processes) to identify motoneurons independent of retrograde
labeling. Under these conditions, CNTF at a concentration of 1.5 ng/ml
(EC50, 0.023 ng/ml) supported maximally 64% of the initially plated spinal
motoneurons after 3 d and 53% after 6 d (the longest time period
investigated). Other neurotrophic factors, such as NGF, brain-derived
neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3, had no survival effect at
all, even at concentrations up to 10 micrograms/ml for NGF and
BDNF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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