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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 3543-3558, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
How well do response changes of striate neurons signal differences in orientation: a study in the discriminating monkey
R Vogels and GA Orban
Laboratorium voor Neuro- en Psychofysiologie, Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven, Herestraat, Belgium.
Just-noticeable differences (JNDs) in orientation were measured in 2
monkeys using a temporal same-different task, with stationary rectangular
gratings as stimuli, and compared to those of humans tested in the same
setup. The JNDs of one monkey (1.5 degree) were similar to those of humans;
those of the other monkey were larger (5.8 degrees). We recorded from V1
neurons in these monkeys while they were performing the orientation
discrimination with the same stimuli and under the same conditions as used
in the behavioral testing. In order to determine how small a difference in
orientation the V1 neurons can, in these conditions, signal reliably by
small changes in firing rate, we performed 2 different receiver-operating
characteristic (ROC) analyses. One ROC analysis was performed on the number
of spikes evoked by the first of the 2 stimulus presentations as a function
of the orientation of this stimulus. Neural JNDs derived from the
neurometric curve were obtained in this way for 50 cells. In the second ROC
analysis, the difference in the number of spikes evoked by the 2 stimuli
presented in succession during 1 trial was analyzed as a function of
orientation difference between the 2 stimuli. Neural JNDs were obtained by
this procedure for 21 cells. These 2 complementary ROC analyses yielded
very similar results. Also, the results were similar for the 2 monkeys. A
minor fraction of V1 cells can reliably signal difference in orientation as
small as 2.5 degrees, but none could signal differences smaller than 2
degrees. Our results also showed that the neural JND obtained by the ROC
analysis depends on the duration of the interval during which spikes are
counted. In these experiments, this duration could be chosen rather
precisely, because the reaction times of the 2 monkeys were measured. Also,
our results showed that the neural JND depends on the point of the tuning
curve at which the measurement is made and is smallest when this is done on
the steepest part of the tuning curve. Finally, our results show that the
discriminative capacity of V1 neurons does not depend so much on each of
the tuning characteristics--bandwidth, response strength, and
variability--as on the combination of these factors.
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