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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 1110-1123, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Spatial firing properties of hippocampal theta cells
JL Kubie, RU Muller and E Bostock
Department of Anatomy, SUNY Health Sciences Center, Brooklyn 11203.
Previous studies have shown that complex-spike cells, the most common cell
type recorded in the hippocampus of freely moving rats, have the property
of spatial firing--that is, a cell will fire rapidly only when the animal
is in a particular part of its environment (O'Keefe and Dostrovsky, 1971).
In the current study, we analyze the spatial firing of theta cells, the
second major class of cells in the hippocampus, which are thought to
correspond to nonpyramidal neurons (Fox and Ranck, 1975, 1981). Our
purposes were to extend findings from earlier spatial analyses (McNaughton
et al., 1983; Christian and Deadwyler, 1986), and to determine whether the
spatial firing is cell specific and independent of behavior. Theta cells
were recorded from rats in a cylindrical enclosure using techniques
previously used for the analysis of spatial firing in complex-spike cells
(Muller et al., 1987). The spatial firing patterns of individual neurons
appeared as a complex surface with several regions of high and low firing.
The ratio of firing from high- to low-rate regions averaged 2.5. These
spatial firing patterns were smooth and reproducible, but less so than for
complex-spike cells. When a cue card on the wall was moved, theta cell
firing patterns remained in register with the cue. Two analyses were
performed to determine whether spatial firing patterns were secondary to
spatial distributions of behavior. When only locomotor data segments were
selected, spatial variations were more clear-cut. In an attempt to test
whether theta cells had cell-specific patterns of firing, pairs of theta
cells were recorded simultaneously. On all occasions, the firing
distribution for each of the cells in a pair was clearly distinctive. These
findings support the conclusions that theta cell activity contains a
spatial signal that is cell specific and not secondary to other firing
correlates.
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