Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 1124-1133, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Differential expression of ARPP-16 and ARPP-19, two highly related cAMP- regulated phosphoproteins, one of which is specifically associated with dopamine-innervated brain regions
JA Girault, A Horiuchi, EL Gustafson, NL Rosen and P Greengard
Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021.
ARPP-16 and ARPP-19 are 2 cAMP-regulated phosphoproteins of Mr = 16,000 and
19,000, respectively, which are identical except for the presence of 15
additional amino acids on the NH2-terminus of ARPP-19. The phosphorylation
of these 2 proteins is regulated by cAMP and vasoactive intestinal peptide
in reaggregate striatal cultures (Girault et al., 1988). Using immunoblots
and immunocytochemistry, we have compared the regional, subcellular,
phylogenetic, and ontogenetic distributions of these 2 proteins. ARPP-19
was found in all vertebrate species studied and, at various levels, in all
tissues of adult rat. ARPP-19 was also present at high levels in malignant
cell lines. During development ARPP- 19 concentrations were highest in the
embryo and decreased during the pre- and postnatal periods. In contrast,
ARPP-16 was detected only in some specific neurons of the
dopamine-innervated regions of the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex,
which are known to possess D1 dopamine receptors, in particular the
striatonigral neurons. ARPP-16 is phylogenetically recent, being found only
in birds and mammals, and appears late in ontogenesis, increasing during
the postnatal period. These 2 proteins provide a unique model for studying
the specificity of signal transduction and gene expression in
dopaminoceptive neurons.
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