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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 1626-1642, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Innervation of the pancreas by neurons in the gut
AL Kirchgessner and MD Gershon
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Experiments were done in order to test the hypothesis that neurons in the
bowel send axonal projections to the pancreas and can modify pancreatic
activity. pancreatic injections of the retrograde tracer, Fluoro-Gold,
labeled neurons in the myenteric plexus of the antrum of the stomach and in
the first 6 cm of the duodenum. this labeling was not due to the diffusion
of Fluoro-Gold from the pancreas, because the injections did not label
longitudinal muscle cells overlying labeled ganglia in the bowel or neurons
in the phrenic nerve nucleus or nucleus ambiguous; nor were enteric neurons
labeled if insufficient time was allotted for retrograde transport. More
Fluoro-Gold labeled neurons were found in the stomach (9.2 +/-
0.9/ganglion) than in the duodenum (3.8 +/- 0.3/ganglion; p less than
0.001). Neurons were found in myenteric ganglia of both duodenum and
stomach that were doubly labeled by retrograde transport of Fluoro-Gold and
anti-serotonin (5-HT) sera. In addition, thick bundles of 5-HT
immunoreactive nerve trunks were found to run between the duodenum and the
pancreas. Most 5-HT immunoreactive axons in the pancreas terminated in
ganglia, although some fibers were also observed near acini, ducts,
vessels, and islet cells. The B subunit of cholera toxin (B-CT) was
microinjected into single myenteric ganglia in order to determine if axon
terminals in the pancreas would become labeled by anterograde transport in
the pancreas. B-CT labeled bundles of axons in the pancreatic stroma.
Branches of these bundles entered the pancreatic parenchyma and varicose
B-CT labeled terminal axons were found in pancreatic ganglia and in
proximity to acinar and insulin immunoreactive cells. The intercalating
fluorochrome 1, 1', dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylcarbocyanine
perchlorate (Dil), which moves by lateral diffusion to outline entire
cells, was introduced by microinjection into individual myenteric ganglia
of fixed preparations. Fluorescence was seen in sequential observations to
move away from the injected ganglion along connectives of the myenteric
plexus. After about a month, neurons in ganglia at some distance from the
injection site displayed Dil fluorescence as did nerve bundles that exited
from the myenteric plexus and pierced the longitudinal muscle in the
direction of the pancreas. Varicose Dil fluorescent terminal varicosities
were also observed int he pancreas. These observations indicate that there
is an extensive entero- pancreatic innervation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
WORDS)
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