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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 1892-1905, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Axonogenesis in the brain of zebrafish embryos
AB Chitnis and JY Kuwada
Neuroscience Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
We analyzed the pattern and development of the earliest tracts and followed
pathfinding by the growth cones of an identified cluster of neurons in the
brain of zebrafish embryos. Neurons were labeled with an antibody which
labels many embryonic neurons, a lipophilic axonal tracer dye, and
intracellular dye injections. The embryonic brain is extremely simple, and
at 28 hr of development, the forebrain and midbrain consist of 8 main
axonal tracts which are arranged as a set of longitudinal tracts connected
by commissures. Each tract is established by identified clusters of
approximately 2-12 neurons found in discrete regions of the brain. Many
identified clusters of neurons project axons in a defined direction
appropriate for the cluster and have axons with stereotyped trajectories,
suggesting that their growth cones follow cell-specific routes. This was
confirmed with intracellular dye injections for neurons of the nucleus of
the posterior commissure. The growth cones of these neurons arrive at a
site in the anterior tegmentum where 4 tracts meet. At this site, they
could, in principle, turn in a number of directions but always extend
posteriorly into one of the tracts. The pattern of pathfinding by these
growth cones suggests the testable hypothesis that the growth cones of
identified clusters of neurons establish the simple set of early tracts by
selecting cluster-specific pathways at such intersections in order to reach
their targets in the brain.
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