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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 2066-2076, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Aminergic modulation of graded synaptic transmission in the lobster stomatogastric ganglion
BR Johnson and RM Harris-Warrick
Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
Graded chemical synaptic transmission is important for establishing the
motor patterns produced by the pyloric central pattern generator (CPG)
circuit of the lobster stomatogastric ganglion (Raper, 1979; Anderson and
Barker, 1981; Graubard et al., 1983). We examined the modulatory effects of
the amines dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and octopamine (Oct) on graded
synaptic transmission at all the central chemical synapses made by the
pyloric dilator (PD) neuron onto its follower cells, using synaptic
input-output curves measured from cell somata. DA strongly reduced the
graded synaptic strength at all the PD synapses. DA reduction of chemical
synaptic strength from PD onto the inferior cardiac (IC) neuron could
change the sign of synaptic interaction between these 2 cells from
inhibitory to excitatory by uncovering a weak electrical connection. 5-HT
had weaker and more variable effects, reducing graded synaptic strength
from the PD onto the lateral pyloric and pyloric neurons and enhancing the
weak synapse from the PD to the IC cell. Oct strongly enhanced the graded
synaptic strength at all the PD central synapses. Oct enhancement of graded
synaptic strength between the PD and IC cells could also change the sign of
the interaction: weak, excitatory electrical coupling, which was sometimes
dominant before Oct, was masked by the enhanced chemical inhibitory
interaction during Oct application. Measurements of electrical coupling
between 2 PD cells and between 2 postsynaptic cells suggest that Oct does
not change the input resistance of these cells and may act directly at the
PD synapses. The effects of DA and 5-HT are most easily explained by their
general reductions in pre- and postsynaptic input resistance. DA, 5-HT, and
Oct each produce a distinct pyloric motor pattern (Flamm and
Harris-Warrick, 1986a). These amine-induced motor patterns may be explained
by the unique actions of each amine on the intrinsic membrane properties of
different pyloric CPG neurons (Flamm and Harris-Warrick, 1986b) and by
modulation of graded synaptic transmission between the pyloric neurons.
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