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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 10, 2763-2770, Copyright © 1990 by Society for Neuroscience
Novel localization of a G protein, Gz-alpha, in neurons of brain and retina
DR Hinton, JC Blanks, HK Fong, PJ Casey, E Hildebrandt and MI Simons
Department of Pathology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Recently, a cDNA coding for a novel G protein alpha-subunit, Gz-alpha, was
isolated from a human retinal cDNA library and shown by Northern blot
analysis to be expressed at high levels in neural tissues. We have prepared
affinity-purified antibodies specifically directed against synthetic
Gz-alpha peptides and employed immunohistochemical methods to map the
localization of Gz-alpha in human, bovine, and murine retina and brain. By
light microscopy, Gz-alpha was localized to the cytoplasm of neurons, with
predominant reactivity in ganglion cells of the retina, Purkinje cells of
the cerebellum, and most neurons of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex.
Reactivity was confined to perikaryon, dendrites, and a very short segment
of proximal axons, except for the retinal ganglion cells, in which the
axons in the nerve fiber layer showed intense Gz-alpha immunoreactivity
proximal to the lamina cribrosa. Pre-embedding immunoelectron microscopy
demonstrated the presence of focal Gz-alpha immunoreactivity on the nuclear
membranes, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membranes of Purkinje cell
perikarya and in association with microtubules in their proximal dendrites.
Subcellular fractionation studies confirmed the association of Gz-alpha
with plasma and intracellular membranes. The localization of Gz-alpha and
its unique amino acid sequence suggest that it may have a specialized
function in neural tissues.
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