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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 11, 226-237, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Neuroscience
Chemically distinct compartments of the thalamic VPM nucleus in monkeys relay principal and spinal trigeminal pathways to different layers of the somatosensory cortex
E Rausell and EG Jones
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine 92717.
The ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of the monkey thalamus was
investigated with combined immunocytochemical, histochemical, and
connection-tracing techniques. Injections of anterogradely transported
tracers were placed selectively in the caudal nucleus of the spinal
trigeminal nuclear complex, and retrogradely transported horseradish
peroxidase (HRP) or fluorescent dyes were placed on the surface or into the
depths of defined parts of the trigeminal representation in the first
somatic sensory area (SI) of the cerebral cortex. The results are
correlated with those of the preceding paper (Rausell and Jones, 1991),
which demonstrated the presence of 2 domains in the nucleus on the basis of
different patterns of cytochrome oxidase (CO) staining and calcium-binding
protein immunoreactivity. The cells of the CO-defined rod and matrix
domains receive inputs from different components of the trigeminal afferent
system and project to different layers of SI. The large- and medium-sized
relay cells of the CO-rich rods, which are immunoreactive for parvalbumin,
all project to middle layers of SI. The small relay cells of the
weakly-stained CO-matrix, surrounding and intervening between the rods, are
immunoreactive for 28-kDa calbindin and project to superficial layers (I
and II) of SI. Anterograde tracing studies reveal that the rod domain in
VPM is innervated by fibers arising in the contra- and ipsilateral
principal trigeminal nucleus, while the matrix domain (and
calbindin-positive domains in adjacent nuclei) are innervated by fibers
arising in the caudal nucleus of the spinal trigeminal complex. These
results demonstrate the modularity and parallel streaming of the functional
components of the trigeminal part of the somatic sensory system and suggest
that lemniscal and nonlemniscal elements of the system gain access by
separate routes to different layers of the SI cortex.
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