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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 11, 3624-3629, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Neuroscience
Calcium-activated chloride conductance in frog olfactory cilia
SJ Kleene and RC Gesteland
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0521.
We have measured the effects of cytoplasmic Ca2+ on the conductance of
single cilia excised from frog olfactory receptor neurons. When free
cytoplasmic Ca2+ is buffered at 0.1 microM, ciliary conductance is low. As
Ca2+ is increased, ciliary conductance increases. Maximal conductance
averages sevenfold higher than that measured in the absence of Ca2+. We
estimate that the K1/2 for Ca2+ activation is 5 microM; the dose-response
curve indicates some positive cooperativity of Ca2+ binding. Activation by
Ca2+ is rapid and fully reversible. Most of the Ca(2+)-activated current is
carried by Cl- and persists in the absence of Na+ and K+. The Cl- channel
inhibitor 3',5-dichlorodiphenylamine-2- carboxylate (300 microM) reduces
the Ca(2+)-activated current by 90%. Odorants induce a Ca2+ influx in some
olfactory receptor neurons, but the consequences of this influx for
neuronal function are not well understood. Our findings allow us to predict
that a Ca2+ influx would increase the permeability of the olfactory cilia
to Cl-. How this would affect the neuronal potential is uncertain, since
the equilibrium potential for Cl- in olfactory receptor neurons is unknown.
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