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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 11, 846-851, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Neuroscience
Interaction of colocalized neuropeptides: functional significance in the circadian timing system
HE Albers, SY Liou, EG Stopa and RT Zoeller
Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303.
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which appears to act as a circadian
clock, contains a subpopulation of local circuit neurons in which
vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI),
and gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) are colocalized. To determine whether
VIP, PHI, and GRP interact within the SCN to produce a signal important for
circadian control, the behavioral and cellular effects of coadministration
of these neuropeptides were investigated. Coadministration of VIP, PHI, and
GRP within the SCN mimicked the phase- delaying effects of light on
circadian control following in vivo microinjection and activated SCN single
units recorded in vitro. These behavioral and cellular effects of
coadministration of VIP, PHI, and GRP were significantly greater than
administration of VIP, PHI, or GRP alone or coadministration of any 2 of
these peptides. These data illustrate a new mechanism whereby multiple,
colocalized neuropeptides interact in a functionally significant manner,
and indicate that the interaction of VIP, PHI, and GRP may be involved in
the regulation of circadian rhythms by the SCN.
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