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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 11, 1458-1469, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Neuroscience
Imaging of synaptically evoked intrinsic optical signals in hippocampal slices
BA MacVicar and D Hochman
Neuroscience Research Group, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Imaging analysis techniques were used to examine changes in the intrinsic
optical properties in hippocampal brain slices that occurred during
synaptic activity evoked by Schaffer collateral stimulation in CA1.
Repetitive synaptic activity was associated with an increase in light
transmission in the synaptic region in stratum radiatum. The effect was
seen at wavelengths of light between 450 and 800 nm but was of greater
amplitude at longer wavelengths. Blocking synaptic transmission with either
Ca(2+)-free EGTA perfusate or kynurenic acid (an excitatory amino acid
antagonist) blocked the optical signal, indicating that it resulted from
postsynaptic activation of the cells and was not due to presynaptic fiber
volleys or transmitter release alone. Because the optical changes were
blocked by reducing extracellular Cl- (by replacement with gluconate) or by
furosemide (an anion transport inhibitor), increased Cl- transport
(conceivably Na-K- 2Cl cotransport) may generate these signals possibly by
causing cellular swelling and thereby less light scattering. These optical
changes were not blocked, however, by bicarbonate-free solution, indicating
that bicarbonate transport may not be involved. Changes in the intrinsic
optical signal could be related to glial swelling due to K+ released during
neuronal activity because high-K(+)-induced swelling of cultured astrocytes
is blocked by furosemide and low-Cl- solution. Intrinsic optical signals of
neuronal tissue should be considered when voltage- or ion-sensitive dyes
are used.
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