Alien intracellular calcium chelators attenuate neurotransmitter release at the squid giant synapse

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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 11, 1496-1507, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Neuroscience

ARTICLE

Alien intracellular calcium chelators attenuate neurotransmitter release at the squid giant synapse

EM Adler, GJ Augustine, SN Duffy and MP Charlton
Physiology Department, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
A number of calcium buffers were examined for their ability to reduce evoked transmitter release when injected into the presynaptic terminal of the squid giant synapse. Injection of EGTA was virtually ineffective at reducing transmitter release, even at estimated intracellular concentrations up to 80 mM. Conversely, the buffer 1,2-bis(2- aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA), which has an equilibrium affinity for calcium similar to that of EGTA at pH 7.2, produced a substantial reduction in transmitter release when injected presynaptically. This effect of BAPTA was reversible, presumably because the buffer diffused out of the terminal and into uninjected regions of the presynaptic axon. BAPTA derivatives with estimated intracellular calcium dissociation constants (Kd) ranging from 0.18 to 4.9 microM were effective at reducing transmitter release at similar estimated concentrations. A BAPTA derivative with an estimated intracellular Kd of 31 mM was less effective. BAPTA did not affect presynaptic action potentials or calcium spikes in ways that could explain its ability to reduce transmitter release. The relative effects of presynaptic injections of BAPTA and derivatives are consistent with the calcium-buffering capability of these compounds if the presynaptic calcium transient that triggers release is hundreds of microM or larger. The superior potency of BAPTA compared to EGTA apparently results from the faster calcium-binding kinetics of BAPTA and suggests that the calcium-binding molecule that triggers release binds calcium in considerably less than 200 microsec and is located very close to calcium channels.

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J.-X. Bao, E. R. Kandel, and R. D. Hawkins
Involvement of Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Mechanisms in a Cellular Analog of Classical Conditioning at Aplysia Sensory-Motor Neuron Synapses in Isolated Cell Culture
J. Neurosci., January 1, 1998; 18(1): 458 - 466.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T W Abrams, Y Yovell, C U Onyike, J E Cohen, and H E Jarrard
Analysis of sequence-dependent interactions between transient calcium and transmitter stimuli in activating adenylyl cyclase in Aplysia: possible contribution to CS--US sequence requirement during conditioning.
Learn. Mem., January 1, 1998; 4(6): 496 - 509.
[Abstract] [PDF]

J. C. Lopshire and G. D. Nicol
Activation and Recovery of the PGE2-Mediated Sensitization of the Capsaicin Response in Rat Sensory Neurons
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 1997; 78(6): 3154 - 3164.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

C. Martinez-Dunst, R. L. Michaels, and P. A. Fuchs
Release Sites and Calcium Channels in Hair Cells of the Chick's Cochlea
J. Neurosci., December 1, 1997; 17(23): 9133 - 9144.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Losavio and S. Muchnik
Spontaneous acetylcholine release in mammalian neuromuscular junctions
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, December 1, 1997; 273(6): C1835 - C1841.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T. M. Fischer, R. S. Zucker, and T. J. Carew
Activity-Dependent Potentiation of Synaptic Transmission From L30 Inhibitory Interneurons of Aplysia Depends on Residual Presynaptic Ca2+ But Not on Postsynaptic Ca2+
J Neurophysiol, October 1, 1997; 78(4): 2061 - 2071.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Z. Wang, M. Tymianski, O. T. Jones, and M. Nedergaard
Impact of Cytoplasmic Calcium Buffering on the Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Intercellular Calcium Signals in Astrocytes
J. Neurosci., October 1, 1997; 17(19): 7359 - 7371.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

M. Frerking, S. Borges, and M. Wilson
Are Some Minis Multiquantal?
J Neurophysiol, September 1, 1997; 78(3): 1293 - 1304.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

K. M. Abdel-Hamid and M. Tymianski
Mechanisms and Effects of Intracellular Calcium Buffering on Neuronal Survival in Organotypic Hippocampal Cultures Exposed to Anoxia/Aglycemia or to Excitotoxins
J. Neurosci., May 15, 1997; 17(10): 3538 - 3553.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]