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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 11, 2742-2758, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Neuroscience
Rod bipolar cells in the macaque monkey retina: immunoreactivity and connectivity
U Grunert and PR Martin
Max-Planck-Institu fur Hirnforschung, Frankfurt/M., Germany.
Rod bipolar cells in the macaque monkey retina were labeled by three
antibodies: an antibody against the alpha- and beta-subspecies of protein
kinase C (PKC), a polyclonal antiserum against the L7 protein from mouse
cerebellum, and a monoclonal antibody against rabbit olfactory bulb (MAb
115A 10). The MAb 115A10 antibody also labeled some cone bipolar and some
amacrine cells. The antibody against PKC was used to study the synaptic
connectivity of rod bipolar cells. Reconstructions of 28 rod spherules
showed that usually two and up to four rod bipolar processes invaginate
each rod spherule. Six rod bipolar axons in the inner plexiform layer were
reconstructed; they all showed the same pattern of connectivity. Synaptic
output at rod bipolar dyads usually was onto two amacrine cell profiles:
one that resembled the All amacrine cell and another that frequently made a
reciprocal synapse. Rod bipolar cells did not contact ganglion cells.
Synaptic input to rod bipolar cells came from reciprocal amacrine cells at
dyads and other amacrine cells. In these respects, the rod pathway in the
monkey is very similar to that described in cat and rabbit. The density of
rod bipolar cells was determined and compared with the density of rods.
There is a maximum of 15,000-20,000 rod bipolar cells/mm2 at 1-3 mm
eccentricity, close to where rod density is maximum. Rod density is 10
times higher than rod bipolar cell density within 2 mm of the fovea, and 30
times higher at 15 mm eccentricity. This change in relative density is
compensated by an increase in the number of rods contacted by individual
rod bipolar cells (seen in Golgi-stained whole-mount retina) so that the
number of rod bipolar terminal boutons in each rod photoreceptor remains
relatively constant with changing eccentricity. We estimate that each rod
bipolar cell is contacted by about 20 rods at 2-4 mm eccentricity and about
60 rods at 6-7 mm eccentricity.
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