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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 12, 142-152, Copyright © 1992 by Society for Neuroscience
Nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in astrocytes and CA2 hippocampal neurons
WR Woodward, R Nishi, CK Meshul, TE Williams, M Coulombe and FP Eckenstein
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are known to stimulate mitogenesis in a
variety of non-neuronal cell types and to support the survival in vitro of
many neuronal cell types. The physiological role of FGFs in the CNS is
currently not known. The present study determined the distribution in the
rat CNS of a prominent member of the FGF family, basic FGF (bFGF).
Immunohistochemical analysis showed that bFGF immunoreactivity was found
predominantly in astrocytes throughout all regions of the CNS. In contrast,
only a few neuronal populations were found to contain bFGF
immunoreactivity, most prominent among them, neurons in the CA2 area of the
hippocampus. This predominant localization of bFGF to astrocytes was
confirmed by two other observations: (1) highly enriched cultures of
astrocytes contained bFGF immunoreactivity and bioactivity, whereas highly
enriched cultures of cerebral cortical neurons contained no detectable
bFGF, and (2) neonatal rat cerebral cortex, which contains only a few
differentiated astrocytes, also contained no detectable bFGF
immunoreactivity and only low amounts of bFGF bioactivity.
Immunocytochemical analysis also suggested that bFGF immunoreactivity was
present in the nucleus as well as the cytoplasm of astrocytes and CA2
neurons. This nuclear localization was confirmed by EM analysis of the
intracellular distribution of the immunoperoxidase reaction product. In
addition, preparations of both nuclear and soluble fractions of brain
extracts contained bFGF immunoreactivity and bioactivity. These data
suggest that bFGF might be involved in mediating astrocytic influences on
the late postnatal maturation and plasticity in the CNS, and that the
nuclear localization of bFGF within astrocytes may play an important role
in the differentiation of these cells. In addition, bFGF may play a similar
role in a few specific neuronal populations, such as CA2 hippocampal
neurons.
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