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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 12, 3838-3848, Copyright © 1992 by Society for Neuroscience
Contribution of polysynaptic pathways in the mediation and plasticity of Aplysia gill and siphon withdrawal reflex: evidence for differential modulation
LE Trudeau and VF Castellucci
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Comportement, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
The gill and siphon withdrawal (GSW) reflex of Aplysia is centrally
mediated by a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic pathway between sensory and
motor neurons. The first objective of this article was to evaluate
quantitatively the relative importance of these two components in the
mediation of the GSW reflex. We have used an artificial sea water (ASW)
solution containing a high concentration of divalent cations to raise the
action potential threshold of the interneurons without affecting the
monosynaptic component of the reflex (2:1 ASW). Compound EPSPs induced in
gill or siphon motor neurons by direct stimulation of the siphon nerve or
by tactile stimulation of the siphon skin were reduced by more than 75% in
2:1 ASW. These results indicate that interneurons intercalated between
sensory and motor neurons are responsible for a considerable proportion of
the afferent input to the motor neurons of the reflex. The second objective
of this article was to compare the modulation of the monosynaptic and
polysynaptic pathways. We have evaluated their respective contribution in
sensitization of the GSW reflex by testing the effects of two
neuromodulators of the reflex, 5- HT and small cardioactive peptide B
(SCPB). We found that these two neuromodulators have a differential action
on the two components of the GSW neuronal network. The polysynaptic pathway
was more facilitated than the monosynaptic pathway by the neuropeptide
SCPB. By contrast, 5- HT displayed an opposite selectivity. These results
suggest that the polysynaptic component of the neuronal network underlying
the GSW reflex is very important for its mediation. The data also indicate
that the monosynaptic and polysynaptic components of the reflex can be
differentially modulated. The diversity of modulatory actions at various
sites of the GSW network should be relevant for learning- associated
modifications in the intact animal.
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