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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 12, 1859-1866, Copyright © 1992 by Society for Neuroscience
Clustering of muscle acetylcholine receptors requires motoneurons in live embryos, but not in cell culture
DW Liu and M Westerfield
Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.
Previous culture studies have demonstrated that muscle cells autonomously
express and cluster ACh receptors (AChRs) and that contact by neurites
induces a reorganization of these clusters. We studied these phenomena in
zebrafish embryos where the same cells could be examined in vivo and in
vitro, and where contacts between cells could be viewed repeatedly.
Receptor clusters first appeared when the pioneer growth cones emerged from
the spinal cord, were always associated with labeled branches, and
developed normally in the presence of neuromuscular transmission blockers.
When motoneurons were removed, the muscles failed to cluster receptors. In
contrast, muscle cells grown in cell culture uncontacted by nerves
clustered AChRs. Our results suggest that clustering of AChRs in living
embryos is induced by the presence of neurites and does not occur in the
absence of neuronal contact. We suggest that conditions in cell culture,
which differ from those in the intact embryo, induce clusters on isolated
muscle cells. Moreover, our results demonstrate that receptors cluster
without binding transmitter and in the absence of neuronal activity.
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