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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 12, 2235-2246, Copyright © 1992 by Society for Neuroscience
Two pharmacologically and kinetically distinct transient potassium currents in cultured embryonic mouse hippocampal neurons
RL Wu and ME Barish
Division of Neurosciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010.
Transient potassium currents in mammalian central neurons influence both
the repolarization of single action potentials and the timing of repetitive
action potential generation. How these currents are integrated into
neuronal function will depend on their specific properties: channel
availability at the resting potential, activation threshold, inactivation
rate, and current density. We here report on the voltage-gated transient
potassium currents in embryonic mouse hippocampal neurons dissected at
embryonic days 15-16 and grown in dissociated cell culture for up to 3 d.
Two transient potassium currents, A-current and D-current, were isolated
based on steady state inactivation and sensitivity to 4-aminopyridine
(4-AP) and dendrotoxin (DTx). A-current had an activation threshold of
approximately -50 mV and was half-inactivated at approximately -81 mV.
A-current relaxations at voltages between -40 and +40 mV could be fit by
single exponential functions with time constants of 20-25 msec; these time
constants showed little sensitivity to voltage. In contrast, D-current had
an activation threshold of between -40 and -30 mV and was half-inactivated
at approximately -22 mV. D-current inactivation was voltage dependent; time
constants of fitted exponential functions ranged from approximately 7 sec
at -40 mV to 200 msec at +40 mV. A slower component of inactivation was
also evident. D-current was preferentially blocked by 4-AP (100 microM) and
DTx (1 microM). Operationally, A- and D- currents could be cleanly
separated based on conditioning pulse potential and 4-AP sensitivity. Total
transient potassium current amplitude increased during the time that
neurons were in culture (recordings were made between 2 hr after
dissociation and 3 d in culture). When normalized for cell capacitance (an
index of membrane area), A-current density (pA/pF) decreased and D-current
density increased, even during a period between days 1 and 3 when total
transient current density remained constant. This observation suggests that
A- and D-currents may be reciprocally modulated. Since blockade of
D-current (with 100 microM 4-AP) increased both action potential duration
and repetitive firing in response to constant current stimulation,
long-term modulation of the A-current:D-current ratio may affect the
excitability of hippocampal neurons.
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