 |
 Previous Article | Next Article 
Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 12, 3554-3567, Copyright © 1992 by Society for Neuroscience
Basic fibroblast growth factor and local injury protect photoreceptors from light damage in the rat
EG Faktorovich, RH Steinberg, D Yasumura, MT Matthes and MM LaVail
Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0730.
Injection of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) into the eye,
intravitreally or subretinally, delays photoreceptor degeneration in
inherited retinal dystrophy in the rat, as does local injury to the retina
(Faktorovich et al., 1990). To determine whether this heparin- binding
peptide or local injury is effective in any other form of photoreceptor
degeneration, we examined their protective roles in light damage. Albino
rats of the F344 strain were exposed to 1 or 2 weeks of constant
fluorescent light (115-200 footcandles), either with or without 1
microliter of bFGF solution (1150 ng/microliters in PBS) injected
intravitreally or subretinally 2 d before the start of light exposure.
Uninjected and intravitreally PBS-injected controls showed the loss of a
majority of photoreceptor nuclei and the loss of most inner and outer
segments after 1 week of light exposure, while intravitreal injection of
bFGF resulted in significant photoreceptor rescue. The outer nuclear layer
in bFGF-injected eyes was two to three times thicker than in controls, and
the inner and outer segments showed a much greater degree of integrity.
Following recovery in cyclic light for 10 d after 1 week of constant light
exposure, bFGF-injected eyes showed much greater regeneration of
photoreceptor inner and outer segments than did the controls. bFGF also
increased the incidence of presumptive macrophages, located predominantly
in the inner retina, but the evidence suggests they are not directly
involved in photoreceptor rescue. Subretinal injection of bFGF resulted in
photoreceptor rescue throughout most of the superior hemisphere in which
the injection was made, with rescue extending into the inferior hemisphere
in many of the eyes. Remarkably, the insertion of a dry needle or injection
of PBS into the subretinal space also resulted in widespread photoreceptor
rescue, extending through 70% or more of the superior hemisphere, and
sometimes into the inferior hemispheres. This implicates the release and
widespread diffusion of some endogenous survival-promoting factor from the
site of injury in the retina. Our findings indicate that the photoreceptor
rescue activity of bFGF is not restricted to inherited retinal dystrophy in
the rat, and that light damage is an excellent model for studying the
cellular site(s), kinetics, and molecular mechanisms of both the normal
function of bFGF and its survival- promoting activity. Moreover, the
injury-related rescue suggests that survival-promoting factors are readily
available to provide a protective role in case of injury to the retina,
presumably comparable to those that mediate the "conditioning lesion"
effect in other neuronal systems.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
V. T. Ciavatta, M. Kim, P. Wong, J. M. Nickerson, R. K. Shuler Jr, G. Y. McLean, and M. T. Pardue
Retinal Expression of Fgf2 in RCS Rats with Subretinal Microphotodiode Array
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 2009;
50(10):
4523 - 4530.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Dorfman, A. Polosa, S. Joly, S. Chemtob, and P. Lachapelle
Functional and Structural Changes Resulting from Strain Differences in the Rat Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
May 1, 2009;
50(5):
2436 - 2450.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Dilly and R. V. S. Rajala
Insulin Growth Factor 1 Receptor/PI3K/AKT Survival Pathway in Outer Segment Membranes of Rod Photoreceptors
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
November 1, 2008;
49(11):
4765 - 4773.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Siffroi-Fernandez, M.-P. Felder-Schmittbuhl, H. Khanna, A. Swaroop, and D. Hicks
FGF19 Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects on Adult Mammalian Photoreceptors In Vitro
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
April 1, 2008;
49(4):
1696 - 1704.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. J. McGill, G. T. Prusky, R. M. Douglas, D. Yasumura, M. T. Matthes, G. Nune, K. Donohue-Rolfe, H. Yang, D. Niculescu, W. W. Hauswirth, et al.
Intraocular CNTF Reduces Vision in Normal Rats in a Dose-Dependent Manner
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
December 1, 2007;
48(12):
5756 - 5766.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Morimoto, T. Fujikado, J.-S. Choi, H. Kanda, T. Miyoshi, Y. Fukuda, and Y. Tano
Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation Promotes the Survival of Photoreceptors and Preserves Retinal Function in Royal College of Surgeons Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 2007;
48(10):
4725 - 4732.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kjellstrom, R. A. Bush, Y. Zeng, Y. Takada, and P. A. Sieving
Retinoschisin Gene Therapy and Natural History in the Rs1h-KO Mouse: Long-term Rescue from Retinal Degeneration
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
August 1, 2007;
48(8):
3837 - 3845.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Sakai, N. Kuno, F. Takamatsu, E. Kimura, H. Kohno, K. Okano, and K. Kitahara
Prolonged Protective Effect of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor-Impregnated Nanoparticles in Royal College of Surgeons Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
July 1, 2007;
48(7):
3381 - 3387.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Chan, W. W. Rubin, A. Mendez, X. Liu, X. Song, S. M. Hanson, C. M. Craft, V. V. Gurevich, M. E. Burns, and J. Chen
Functional Comparisons of Visual Arrestins in Rod Photoreceptors of Transgenic Mice
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
May 1, 2007;
48(5):
1968 - 1975.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Joly, V. Pernet, S. Chemtob, A. Di Polo, and P. Lachapelle
Neuroprotection in the Juvenile Rat Model of Light-Induced Retinopathy: Evidence Suggesting a Role for FGF-2 and CNTF
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
May 1, 2007;
48(5):
2311 - 2320.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Ishikawa, H. Ohguro, I. Ohguro, H. Yamazaki, K. Mamiya, T. Metoki, T. Ito, Y. Yokoi, and M. Nakazawa
Prolonged Rhodopsin Phosphorylation in Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration in Rat Models
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
December 1, 2006;
47(12):
5204 - 5211.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Penn, G. W. McCollum, J. M. Barnett, X. Q. Werdich, K. A. Koepke, and V. S. Rajaratnam
Angiostatic Effect of Penetrating Ocular Injury: Role of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
January 1, 2006;
47(1):
405 - 414.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Sugano, H. Tomita, S.-i. Ishiguro, T. Abe, and M. Tamai
Establishment of Effective Methods for Transducing Genes into Iris Pigment Epithelial Cells by Using Adeno-associated Virus Type 2
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
September 1, 2005;
46(9):
3341 - 3348.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Gauthier, S. Joly, V. Pernet, P. Lachapelle, and A. Di Polo
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Delivery to Muller Glia Preserves Structure and Function of Light-Damaged Photoreceptors
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
September 1, 2005;
46(9):
3383 - 3392.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. V. Del Priore
Effect of Sham Surgery on Retinal Function After Subretinal Transplantation of the Artificial Silicone Retina
Arch Ophthalmol,
August 1, 2005;
123(8):
1156 - 1156.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Wang, B. Lu, P. Wood, and R. D. Lund
Grafting of ARPE-19 and Schwann Cells to the Subretinal Space in RCS Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
July 1, 2005;
46(7):
2552 - 2560.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Valter, S. Bisti, C. Gargini, S. Di Loreto, R. Maccarone, L. Cervetto, and J. Stone
Time Course of Neurotrophic Factor Upregulation and Retinal Protection against Light-Induced Damage after Optic Nerve Section
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
May 1, 2005;
46(5):
1748 - 1754.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Tomita, Y. Kotake, and R. E. Anderson
Mechanism of Protection from Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration by the Synthetic Antioxidant Phenyl-N-tert-Butylnitrone
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
February 1, 2005;
46(2):
427 - 434.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. T. Pardue, M. J. Phillips, H. Yin, B. D. Sippy, S. Webb-Wood, A. Y. Chow, and S. L. Ball
Neuroprotective Effect of Subretinal Implants in the RCS Rat
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
February 1, 2005;
46(2):
674 - 682.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Paskowitz, G. Nune, D. Yasumura, H. Yang, R. B. Bhisitkul, S. Sharma, M. T. Matthes, M. A. Zarbin, M. M. LaVail, and J. L. Duncan
BDNF Reduces the Retinal Toxicity of Verteporfin Photodynamic Therapy
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
November 1, 2004;
45(11):
4190 - 4196.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Hojo, T. Abe, E. Sugano, Y. Yoshioka, Y. Saigo, H. Tomita, R. Wakusawa, and M. Tamai
Photoreceptor Protection by Iris Pigment Epithelial Transplantation Transduced with AAV-Mediated Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 2004;
45(10):
3721 - 3726.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. D. Radtke, R. B. Aramant, M. J. Seiler, H. M. Petry, and D. Pidwell
Vision Change After Sheet Transplant of Fetal Retina With Retinal Pigment Epithelium to a Patient With Retinitis Pigmentosa
Arch Ophthalmol,
August 1, 2004;
122(8):
1159 - 1165.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Casson, G. Chidlow, J. P. M. Wood, M. Vidal-Sanz, and N. N. Osborne
The Effect of Retinal Ganglion Cell Injury on Light-Induced Photoreceptor Degeneration
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
February 1, 2004;
45(2):
685 - 693.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Lawrence, D. J. Keegan, E. M. Muir, P. J. Coffey, J. H. Rogers, M. J. Wilby, J. W. Fawcett, and R. D. Lund
Transplantation of Schwann Cell Line Clones Secreting GDNF or BDNF into the Retinas of Dystrophic Royal College of Surgeons Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
January 1, 2004;
45(1):
267 - 274.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Li, W. Cao, and R. E. Anderson
Alleviation of Constant-Light-Induced Photoreceptor Degeneration by Adaptation of Adult Albino Rat to Bright Cyclic Light
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
November 1, 2003;
44(11):
4968 - 4975.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Keegan, P. Kenna, M. M. Humphries, P. Humphries, D. I. Flitcroft, P. J. Coffey, R. D. Lund, and J. M. Lawrence
Transplantation of Syngeneic Schwann Cells to the Retina of the Rhodopsin Knockout (Rho-/-) Mouse
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
August 1, 2003;
44(8):
3526 - 3532.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Ranchon, M. M. LaVail, Y. Kotake, and R. E. Anderson
Free Radical Trap Phenyl-N-tert-Butylnitrone Protects against Light Damage But Does Not Rescue P23H and S334ter Rhodopsin Transgenic Rats from Inherited Retinal Degeneration
J. Neurosci.,
July 9, 2003;
23(14):
6050 - 6057.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Okoye, J. Zimmer, J. Sung, P. Gehlbach, T. Deering, H. Nambu, S. Hackett, M. Melia, N. Esumi, D. J. Zack, et al.
Increased Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Preserves Retinal Function and Slows Cell Death from Rhodopsin Mutation or Oxidative Damage
J. Neurosci.,
May 15, 2003;
23(10):
4164 - 4172.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Casson, J. P. M. Wood, J. Melena, G. Chidlow, and N. N. Osborne
The Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Light-Induced Photoreceptor Injury
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
March 1, 2003;
44(3):
1348 - 1354.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Duncan, M. M. LaVail, D. Yasumura, M. T. Matthes, H. Yang, N. Trautmann, A. V. Chappelow, W. Feng, H. S. Earp, G. K. Matsushima, et al.
An RCS-Like Retinal Dystrophy Phenotype in Mer Knockout Mice
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
February 1, 2003;
44(2):
826 - 838.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kano, T. Abe, H. Tomita, T. Sakata, S.-i. Ishiguro, and M. Tamai
Protective Effect against Ischemia and Light Damage of Iris Pigment Epithelial Cells Transfected with the BDNF Gene
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
December 1, 2002;
43(12):
3744 - 3753.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.-C. Wu, C.-C. Lai, S.-L. Chen, X. Xiao, T.-L. Chen, R. J.-F. Tsai, S.-W. Kuo, and Y.-P. Tsao
Gene Therapy for Detached Retina by Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Expressing Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
November 1, 2002;
43(11):
3480 - 3488.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Harada, C. Harada, S. Kohsaka, E. Wada, K. Yoshida, S. Ohno, H. Mamada, K. Tanaka, L. F. Parada, and K. Wada
Microglia-Muller Glia Cell Interactions Control Neurotrophic Factor Production during Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration
J. Neurosci.,
November 1, 2002;
22(21):
9228 - 9236.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Kanuga, H. L. Winton, L. Beauchene, A. Koman, A. Zerbib, S. Halford, P.-O. Couraud, D. Keegan, P. Coffey, R. D. Lund, et al.
Characterization of Genetically Modified Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Developed for In Vitro and Transplantation Studies
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
February 1, 2002;
43(2):
546 - 555.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Aihara, J. D. Lindsey, and R. N. Weinreb
Enhanced FGF-2 Movement through Human Sclera after Exposure to Latanoprost
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 2001;
42(11):
2554 - 2559.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Yamada, E. Yamada, A. Ando, N. Esumi, N. Bora, J. Saikia, C.-H. Sung, D. J. Zack, and P. A. Campochiaro
Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Decreases Hyperoxia-Induced Photoreceptor Cell Death in Mice
Am. J. Pathol.,
September 1, 2001;
159(3):
1113 - 1120.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Cao, J. Tombran-Tink, R. Elias, S. Sezate, D. Mrazek, and J. F. McGinnis
In Vivo Protection of Photoreceptors from Light Damage by Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
June 1, 2001;
42(7):
1646 - 1652.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Woch, R. B. Aramant, M. J. Seiler, B. T. Sagdullaev, and M. A. McCall
Retinal Transplants Restore Visually Evoked Responses in Rats with Photoreceptor Degeneration
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
June 1, 2001;
42(7):
1669 - 1676.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. F. Geller, G. P. Lewis, and S. K. Fisher
FGFR1, Signaling, and AP-1 Expression after Retinal Detachment: Reactive Muller and RPE Cells
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
May 1, 2001;
42(6):
1363 - 1369.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Machida, P. Chaudhry, T. Shinohara, D. P. Singh, V. N. Reddy, L. T. Chylack Jr, P. A. Sieving, and R. A. Bush
Lens Epithelium-Derived Growth Factor Promotes Photoreceptor Survival in Light-Damaged and RCS Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
April 1, 2001;
42(5):
1087 - 1095.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. ROSENTHAL, H. THIEME, and O. STRAUSS
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) in brain neurons and retinal pigment epithelial cells act via stimulation of neuroendocrine L-type channels (Cav1.3)
FASEB J,
April 1, 2001;
15(6):
970 - 977.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Nir, J. M. Harrison, C. Liu, and R. Wen
Extended Photoreceptor Viability by Light Stress in the RCS Rats but not in the Opsin P23H Mutant Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
March 1, 2001;
42(3):
842 - 849.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Lau, L. H. McGee, S. Zhou, K. G. Rendahl, W. C. Manning, J. A. Escobedo, and J. G. Flannery
Retinal Degeneration Is Slowed in Transgenic Rats by AAV-Mediated Delivery of FGF-2
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 2000;
41(11):
3622 - 3633.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Leon, Y. Yin, J. Nguyen, N. Irwin, and L. I. Benowitz
Lens Injury Stimulates Axon Regeneration in the Mature Rat Optic Nerve
J. Neurosci.,
June 15, 2000;
20(12):
4615 - 4626.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Lawrence, Y. Sauvé, D. J. Keegan, P. J. Coffey, L. Hetherington, S. Girman, S. J. O. Whiteley, A. S. L. Kwan, T. Pheby, and R. D. Lund
Schwann Cell Grafting into the Retina of the Dystrophic RCS Rat Limits Functional Deterioration
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
February 1, 2000;
41(2):
518 - 528.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Ozaki, M. J. Radeke, and D. H. Anderson
Rapid Upregulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (flg) by Rat Photoreceptor Cells after Injury
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
February 1, 2000;
41(2):
568 - 579.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Hartnett, C. M. Garcia, and P. A. D’Amore
Release of bFGF, an Endothelial Cell Survival Factor, by Osmotic Shock
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
November 1, 1999;
40(12):
2945 - 2951.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Rohrer, J. I. Korenbrot, M. M. LaVail, L. F. Reichardt, and B. Xu
Role of Neurotrophin Receptor TrkB in the Maturation of Rod Photoreceptors and Establishment of Synaptic Transmission to the Inner Retina
J. Neurosci.,
October 15, 1999;
19(20):
8919 - 8930.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Frasson, S. Picaud, T. Leveillard, M. Simonutti, S. Mohand-Said, H. Dreyfus, D. Hicks, and J. Sahel
Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Induces Histologic and Functional Protection of Rod Photoreceptors in the rd/rd Mouse
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 1999;
40(11):
2724 - 2734.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Nir, C. Liu, and R. Wen
Light Treatment Enhances Photoreceptor Survival in Dystrophic Retinas of Royal College of Surgeons Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
September 1, 1999;
40(10):
2383 - 2390.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Gargini, M. S. Belfiore, S. Bisti, L. Cervetto, K. Valter, and J. Stone
The Impact of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Photoreceptor Function and Morphology
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
August 1, 1999;
40(9):
2088 - 2099.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Ikeda, H. Tanihara, Y. Honda, T. Tatsuno, H. Noguchi, and C. Nakayama
BDNF Attenuates Retinal Cell Death Caused by Chemically Induced Hypoxia in Rats
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
August 1, 1999;
40(9):
2130 - 2140.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. V. Girman, Y. Sauve, and R. D. Lund
Receptive Field Properties of Single Neurons in Rat Primary Visual Cortex
J Neurophysiol,
July 1, 1999;
82(1):
301 - 311.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Fontaine, N. Kinkl, J. Sahel, H. Dreyfus, and D. Hicks
Survival of Purified Rat Photoreceptors In Vitro Is Stimulated Directly by Fibroblast Growth Factor-2
J. Neurosci.,
December 1, 1998;
18(23):
9662 - 9672.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Cayouette, D. Behn, M. Sendtner, P. Lachapelle, and C. Gravel
Intraocular Gene Transfer of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Prevents Death and Increases Responsiveness of Rod Photoreceptors in the retinal degeneration slow mouse
J. Neurosci.,
November 15, 1998;
18(22):
9282 - 9293.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Mergler, K. Steinhausen, M. Wiederholt, and O. Strauss
Altered regulation of L-type channels by protein kinase C and protein tyrosine kinases as a pathophysiologic effect in retinal degeneration
FASEB J,
September 1, 1998;
12(12):
1125 - 1134.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Ozaki, N. Okamoto, S. Ortega, M. Chang, K. Ozaki, S. Sadda, M. A. Vinores, N. Derevjanik, D. J. Zack, C. Basilico, et al.
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Is Neither Necessary nor Sufficient for the Development of Retinal Neovascularization
Am. J. Pathol.,
September 1, 1998;
153(3):
757 - 765.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Guillonneau, M. Bryckaert, C. Launay-Longo, Y. Courtois, and F. Mascarelli
Endogenous FGF1-induced Activation and Synthesis of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 2 Reduce Cell Apoptosis in Retinal-pigmented Epithelial Cells
J. Biol. Chem.,
August 28, 1998;
273(35):
22367 - 22373.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Liu, M. Peng, A. M. Laties, and R. Wen
Preconditioning with Bright Light Evokes a Protective Response against Light Damage in the Rat Retina
J. Neurosci.,
February 15, 1998;
18(4):
1337 - 1344.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Bikfalvi, S. Klein, G. Pintucci, and D. B. Rifkin
Biological Roles of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2
Endocr. Rev.,
February 1, 1997;
18(1):
26 - 45.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Kliffen, H. S Sharma, C. M Mooy, S. Kerkvliet, and P. T V M de Jong
Increased expression of angiogenic growth factors in age-related maculopathy
Br J Ophthalmol,
February 1, 1997;
81(2):
154 - 162.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Yamamoto, A. Ohira, O. Honda, N. Sato, K. Furuke, J. Yodoi, and Y. Honda
Analysis of Localization of Adult T-cell Leukemia-derived Factor in the Transient Ischemic Rat Retina After Treatment with OP-1206 {alpha}-CD, a Prostaglandin E1 Analogue
J. Histochem. Cytochem.,
January 1, 1997;
45(1):
63 - 70.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Wen, T. Cheng, Y. Li, W. Cao, and R. H. Steinberg
alpha 2-Adrenergic Agonists Induce Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Expression in Photoreceptors In Vivo and Ameliorate Light Damage
J. Neurosci.,
October 1, 1996;
16(19):
5986 - 5992.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S Fuhrmann, M Kirsch, and H. Hofmann
Ciliary neurotrophic factor promotes chick photoreceptor development in vitro
Development,
January 8, 1995;
121(8):
2695 - 2706.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
