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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 13, 752-767, Copyright © 1993 by Society for Neuroscience
Independent guidance of retinal axons in the developing visual system of Drosophila
S Kunes, C Wilson and H Steller
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.
The development of the adult visual system of Drosophila requires the
establishment of precise retinotopic connections between retinal
photoreceptor cell axons and their synaptic partners in the optic lobe of
the brain. To assess the role of axon-axon interactions in retinal axon
guidance, we used genetic methods to disrupt the normal spatiotemporal
order of retinal axon ingrowth. We examined retinal axon projections to the
developing first optic ganglion, the lamina, in two mutants in which
reduced numbers of ommatidia develop in the eye imaginal disk. We find that
in the developing lamina of these mutants, sine oculis and Ellipse, retinal
axons project to proper dorsoventral positions despite the absence of the
usual array of neighboring retinal axons. In a second approach, we examined
animals that were somatic mosaics for the mutation, glass. In glass-
animals, retinal axons project aberrantly and the larval optic nerve is
absent. We find that in the developing lamina of glass mosaic animals,
wild-type retinal axons project to proper dorsoventral positions despite
the misrouted projections of neighboring glass- retinal axons. In addition,
wild-type retinal axons project normally in the absence of the larval optic
nerve, indicating that the latter is not an essential pioneer for retinal
axon navigation. Our observations support the proposal that axon fascicles
can make at least some pathfinding decisions independently of other retinal
axon fascicles. We suggest that positional guidance cues that might label
axon pathways and target destinations contribute to retinotopic pattern
formation in the Drosophila visual system.
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