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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 13, 931-940, Copyright © 1993 by Society for Neuroscience
Combination-sensitive neurons in the primary auditory cortex of the mustached bat
DC Fitzpatrick, JS Kanwal, JA Butman and N Suga
Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.
In the mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii, neurons in the primary auditory
cortex (AI) have been thought to respond primarily to single frequencies,
as in other mammals. However, neurons in the Doppler- shifted
constant-frequency (DSCF) area, a part of the mustached bat's AI that
contains an overrepresentation of the prominent CF2 component of the
biosonar signal, were found to show facilitative responses to combinations
of different frequencies in the pulse and echo. The essential components
for facilitation were the pulse FM1 and the echo CF2. The FM1-CF2
facilitation was sensitive to echo delays, indicating that DSCF neurons
respond better to targets within particular ranges. On average, the longest
discriminable echo delay, based on increased impulse counts due to
facilitation, corresponded to a target range of 4.3 m, and the most
discriminable delay corresponded to a target 3.6 m distant. Since mustached
bats first show a behavioral response to a target at a distance of 3-4 m,
DSCF neurons are suited to signal the presence of an insect within this
behaviorally important range. DSCF neurons were broadly tuned to echo
delay, with the average minimum discriminable echo delay corresponding to a
target range of 1.9 m, and the delay tuning of the neurons followed
(tracked) changes in pulse duration, indicating that facilitation occurs
during much of the approach phase of insect pursuit when target
characterization is presumably occurring. These results show that AI
neurons in the mustached bat are specialized to respond to complex,
behaviorally relevant stimuli during the search and approach phases of
insect pursuit.
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