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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 13, 2575-2581, Copyright © 1993 by Society for Neuroscience
In vivo development of voltage-dependent ionic currents in embryonic Xenopus spinal neurons
MG Desarmenien, B Clendening and NC Spitzer
Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
Initial evidence that electrical excitability is both an early aspect of
neuronal differentiation and a developmentally regulated property was
obtained from recordings of action potentials in vivo. Subsequently, the
analysis of the underlying voltage-dependent currents during early stages
of embryogenesis was facilitated by investigation of dissociated neurons
and muscle cells differentiating in culture. Calcium and potassium currents
play a major role in the differentiation of the action potential of Xenopus
spinal neurons, and calcium influx triggers specific features of neuronal
differentiation. However, the extent to which differentiation of currents
in vitro parallels that in vivo is uncertain. We have undertaken a study of
in vivo differentiation of these macroscopic currents in Xenopus embryos.
Spinal cords were isolated from embryos at several early stages of
neurogenesis. Neurons in these isolated spinal cords were accessible to
patch-clamp electrodes. Neuronal currents were recorded within 1 hr to
assure that the characteristics of the currents resulted from developmental
events occurring in vivo prior to the experiment. Whole- cell voltage-clamp
recordings from neurons in these acutely isolated and intact embryonic
spinal cords demonstrate that both the delayed- rectifier and inactivating
potassium current and a low-voltage- activated calcium current mature in a
manner closely parallel to that observed in culture. The results validate
those from the culture system and indicate that the spinal cord is another
region of the CNS accessible to cellular analysis in an intact preparation.
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