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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 13, 3582-3598, Copyright © 1993 by Society for Neuroscience
A complex mosaic of high-affinity kainate receptors in rat brain
W Wisden and PH Seeburg
ZMBH, Universitat Heidelberg, Germany.
The significance for CNS function of glutamate-gated cation channels that
exhibit high-affinity kainate sites is not understood. Such receptors,
which on dorsal root ganglia and in recombinant systems exhibit currents
that rapidly desensitize to kainate application, have not been detected
electrophysiologically in the brain. However, a comparison of the
distribution of mRNAs encoding five glutamate receptor subunits exhibiting
high-affinity kainate sites (GluR-5-GluR- 7, KA-1, and KA-2) indicates that
high-affinity kainate receptors are most likely involved in all central
neuronal circuits of the rat brain. The KA-1 mRNA occurs mainly in the CA3
field of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus, with much lower amounts being
found in inner cortical layers, cerebellar Purkinje cells, and white matter
(e.g., corpus callosum and anterior commissure). The KA-2 gene is widely
expressed in many neuronal nuclei including layers II-VI of neocortex,
hippocampal pyramidal (CA1-CA3) and dentate granule cells, septal nuclei
such as the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial preoptic,
suprachiasmatic, and ventral medial hypothalamic nuclei, dorsal raphe,
locus coeruleus, and cerebellar granule cells. KA-2 mRNA is also found in
the pineal gland. GluR-5 transcripts are in the cingulate and piriform
cortex, the subiculum, lateral septal nuclei, anteroventral thalamus,
suprachiasmatic nucleus, the tegmental nuclei, pontine nuclei, and Purkinje
cells. GluR-6 mRNA is most abundant in cerebellar granule cells, with lower
levels in caudate-putamen and the pyramidal cell layers and dentate granule
cells of hippocampus. The GluR-7 gene is prominently expressed in the inner
neocortical layers and some cells in layer II, subiculum, caudate-putamen,
reticular thalamus, ventral medial hypothalamic nucleus, pontine nuclei,
and in putative stellate/basket cells in the cerebellum. These findings
suggest that a complex mosaic of receptor variants underlies the
high-affinity kainate receptor in the vertebrate brain.
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