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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 7347-7356, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Comparison of spatial firing characteristics of units in dorsal and ventral hippocampus of the rat
MW Jung, SI Wiener and BL McNaughton
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
The septal and temporal poles of the hippocampus differ markedly in their
anatomical and neurochemical organization. Although it is well established
that the internal representation of space is a fundamental function of
hippocampal neurons, most of what is known about spatial coding in the
hippocampus of freely moving animals has come from recordings from the
dorsal one-third (largely for technical convenience). The present study
therefore compared the spatial selectivity of CA1 neurons in the dorsal and
ventral hippocampi of rats during performance of a food reinforced, random
search task in a square chamber containing simple visual landmarks. Neural
activity was recorded in the dorsal and ventral hippocampi of opposite
hemispheres in the same rats, in many cases simultaneously. As in dorsal
hippocampus, ventral CA1 units could be classified as "complex spike"
(pyramidal) cells or "theta" interneurons. Both dorsal and ventral theta
cells fired at relatively high rates and with low spatial selectivity in
the apparatus. Of the population of complex spike cells in the ventral
hippocampus, a significantly smaller number had "place fields" than in the
dorsal hippocampus, and the average spatial selectivity was of
significantly lower resolution than that found among dorsal hippocampal
complex spike cells. Thus, a septotemporal difference of spatial
selectivity was found in the CA1 field of the rat hippocampus,
complementing many other anatomical and neuropharmacological studies. A
number of possible functional interpretations can be suggested from these
results, including a computational advantage of representing space at
different scales or a preeminence of essentially nonspatial information
processing in the ventral hippocampus.
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