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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 7451-7468, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Ocular dominance column development: strabismus changes the spacing of adjacent columns in cat visual cortex
S Lowel
Max-Planck-Institut fur Hirnforschung, Frankfurt a.M., Germany.
To investigate the role of visual experience for the gross layout of ocular
dominance (OD) columns in the visual cortex, I compared the respective
patterns in normally raised and strabismic cats. OD domains were visualized
by (1) transneuronal labeling of the afferents from the left or right eye
with intraocular 3H-proline injections or (2) 14C-2- deoxyglucose
autoradiography after monocular visual stimulation in awake animals. To
obtain the complete pattern of OD columns, flat-mount sections were
prepared from the unfolded cortical hemispheres. Eliminating correlated
activity between the two eyes by making the animals strabismic influenced
the gross layout of the OD domains. In area 17, OD domains become more
sharply delineated than in normal animals and spaced more widely. Spatial
frequency analyses revealed a mean spacing of adjacent columns of 1100-1300
microns in strabismic and of 800-1000 microns in normal cats. In area 18,
the spacing of the ocular dominance domains is larger than in area 17 for
both normal and strabismic cats (1500-1650 microns), but little influenced
by strabismus. These results indicate that in area 17 decreased correlation
of activity between the eyes alters the periodicity of OD columns. In
addition, these observations suggest that not only the segregation of
afferents into distinct columns but also the final expression of the
columnar grid is influenced by visual experience, and in particular by the
temporal patterning of neural activity. This is further evidence for the
hypothesis that the development of OD columns is governed by
activity-dependent self-organizing principles.
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