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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 7616-7628, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Inhibition of neurite growth by the NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan
CL Dou and JM Levine
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York at Stony Brook 11794.
The chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) have been implicated as both
positive and negative modulators of axonal growth; however, the functional
properties of only a few specific CSPGs have been investigated. Here we
demonstrate that NG2, an integral membrane CSPG expressed on the surfaces
of glial progenitor cells, inhibits neurite growth from neonatal rat
cerebellar granule neurons when presented to the cells as a component of
the substrate. Growth inhibition occurred when NG2 was mixed with either
laminin or L1, two potent promoters of axonal extension. Moreover, when
given a choice between surfaces coated with NG2 and laminin or L1, the
axons of the cerebellar neurons extended preferentially on laminin or L1
and avoided areas of the substrate containing NG2. The NG2 proteoglycan
inhibited neurite growth after digestion with chondroitinase ABC,
demonstrating that the inhibitory activity is a property of the core
protein and not the covalently attached chondroitin sulfate
glycosaminoglycan chains. NG2 also inhibited neurite growth from embryonic
rat dorsal root ganglia neurons on substrates containing laminin. However,
when the sensory neurons were plated onto surfaces containing the L1
glycoprotein and NG2, neurite growth was not inhibited. These results
demonstrate that the NG2 proteoglycan provides an unfavorable substrate for
axonal growth. Cells that express this proteoglycan in vivo may participate
in axonal guidance by defining areas of the developing CNS that are
nonpermissive for axonal extension from specific classes of developing
neurons.
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