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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 2032-2046, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Neurotransmitter profile of saccadic omnipause neurons in nucleus raphe interpositus
AK Horn, JA Buttner-Ennever, P Wahle and I Reichenberger
Institute of Neuropathology, University of Munich, Germany.
Saccadic omnipause neurons (OPNs) are essential for the generation of
saccadic eye movements. In primates OPNs are located near the midline
within the nucleus raphe interpositus (rip). In the present study we used
several different neuroanatomical methods to investigate the transmitters
associated with OPNs in the monkey. Immunolabeling for the calcium-binding
protein parvalbumin was employed to mark OPNs in the monkey and define the
homologous cell group in cat and human. The use of antibodies against GABA,
glycine (GLY), glutamate (GLU), serotonin (5-HT), and tyrosine hydroxylase
revealed that the somata of OPNs are GLY immunoreactive, but they are
devoid of GABA and 5-HT immunostaining. In situ hybridization with the
GAD67 mRNA probe confirmed the negative GABA immunostaining of OPNs. 3H-GLY
was injected into a projection field of OPNs, the rostral interstitial
nucleus of the medial longitudinal fascicle (riMLF)--the vertical saccadic
burst neuron area. This resulted in selective retrograde labeling of the
OPNs in rip, while no labeling was found in the superior colliculus, which
sends an excitatory projection to the riMLF. The somata and dendrites of
putative burst neurons in the riMLF were contacted by numerous GLY-
immunoreactive terminals. The quantitative analysis of immunoreactive
terminal-like structures contacting OPNs revealed a strong input from GLY-
and GABA-positive terminals on somata and dendrites, whereas GLU- positive
puncta were mainly confined to the dendrites. Very few 5-HT and
catecholaminergic terminals contacted OPN somata. Our findings suggest that
OPNs use GLY as a neurotransmitter, and they receive numerous contacts from
GABAergic, glycinergic, and glutaminergic afferents, and significantly
fewer from monoaminergic inputs.
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