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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 2383-2401, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
GABAA receptor subunit immunoreactivity in primate visual cortex: distribution in macaques and humans and regulation by visual input in adulthood
SH Hendry, MM Huntsman, A Vinuela, H Mohler, AL de Blas and EG Jones
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine 92717.
Subunit proteins that make up functional GABAA receptors were localized
immunocytochemistry in the primary visual cortex (area 17) of adult monkeys
and humans. Immunoreactivity for the alpha 1, beta 2/3, and gamma 2
subunits is greatest in layers (II-III, IVA and IVC) of monkey area 17 that
contain the highest density of GABA neurons and terminals. Immunostaining
for each subunit is unevenly distributed in layers II and III, where
patches of immunoreactivity correspond to regions of intense cytochrome
oxidase (CO) staining, and in layer IVA, where intense immunoreactivity
forms a honeycomb pattern identical to the CO staining pattern.
Immunoreactivity for the subunits is localized principally within the
neuropil, which, by simultaneous comparison with the distribution of
microtubule-associated protein immunostaining, was found to include bundles
of thin dendrites and zones of numerous dendritic segments. In addition,
gamma 2 immunostaining surrounds the somata of a subpopulation of GABAergic
neurons, immunoreactive for the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin. All
three subunits are present in the somata and processes of neurons that
occupy the white matter subjacent to monkey area 17. In human visual
cortex, the alpha 1, beta 2/3, and gamma 2 subunits are distributed in a
manner similar to that found in monkeys, with relatively intense
immunostaining in layers IVC and IVA. In layer IVC, vertical stripes of
intense receptor immunostaining (20-30 microns wide) alternate with wider
stripes of pale immunostaining (30-60 microns wide). In the upper and lower
halves of IVC beta, these stripes form lattices similar to those in layers
IVC and IVA of monkeys. Following monocular deprivation by intravitreal
injections of TTX in adult monkeys, immunoreactivity for each subunit in
layer IVC consists of alternating intensely and lightly stained stripes.
Comparison with the pattern of CO staining indicates that intense
immunostaining for alpha 1, beta 2/3, and gamma 2 occurs in normal-eye
stripes while abnormally light immunostaining is present in deprived-eye
stripes. For all three subunits, immunoreactivity in deprived-eye stripes
is reduced within 5 d of monocular deprivation and remains abnormally low
for deprivations that extend to at least 30 d. These findings indicate that
each of several GABAA receptor subunits adopt similar laminar and
compartmental distributions in monkey and human area 17 and are likely to
be expressed by the same neurons. The deprivation-dependent reduction in
immunoreactivity for alpha 1, beta 2/3, and gamma 2 subunits suggests that
all are regulated by visually driven activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
WORDS)
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