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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 2870-2892, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Power spectrum analysis of bursting cells in area MT in the behaving monkey
W Bair, C Koch, W Newsome and K Britten
Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.
It is widely held that visual cortical neurons encode information primarily
in their mean firing rates. Some proposals, however, emphasize the
information potentially available in the temporal structure of spike trains
(Optican and Richmond, 1987; Bialek et al., 1991), in particular with
respect to stimulus-related synchronized oscillations in the 30-70 Hz range
(Eckhorn et al., 1988; Gray et al., 1989; Kreiter and Singer, 1992) as well
as via bursting cells (Cattaneo et al., 1981a; Bonds, 1992). We investigate
the temporal fine structure of spike trains recorded in extrastriate area
MT of the trained macaque monkey, a region that plays a major role in
processing motion information. The data were recorded while the monkey
performed a near- threshold direction discrimination task so that both
physiological and psychophysical data could be obtained on the same set of
trials (Britten et al., 1992). We identify bursting cells and quantify
their properties, in particular in relation to the behavior of the animal.
We compute the power spectrum and the distribution of interspike intervals
(ISIs) associated with individual spike trains from 212 cells, averaging
these quantities across similar trials. (1) About 33% of the cells have a
relatively flat power spectrum with a dip at low temporal frequencies. We
analytically derive the power spectrum of a Poisson process with refractory
period and show that it matches the observed spectrum of these cells. (2)
About 62% of the cells have a peak in the 20-60 Hz frequency band. In about
10% of all cells, this peak is at least twice the height of its base. The
presence of such a peak strongly correlates with a tendency of the cell to
respond in bursts, that is, two to four spikes within 2-8 msec. For 93% of
cells, the shape of the power spectrum did not change dramatically with
stimulus conditions. (3) Both the ISI distribution and the power spectrum
of the vast majority of bursting cells are compatible with the notion that
these cells fire Poisson-distributed bursts, with a burst-related
refractory period. Thus, for our stimulus conditions, no explicitly
oscillating neuronal process is required to yield a peak in the power
spectrum. (4) We found no statistically significant relationship between
the peak in the power spectrum and psychophysical measures of the monkeys'
performance on the direction discrimination task.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
WORDS)
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