 |
Previous Article | Next Article 
Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 4095-4108, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Distributed processing of pain and vibration by the human brain
RC Coghill, JD Talbot, AC Evans, E Meyer, A Gjedde, MC Bushnell and GH Duncan
Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pain is a diverse sensory and emotional experience that likely involves
activation of numerous regions of the brain. Yet, many of these areas are
also implicated in the processing of nonpainful somatosensory information.
In order to better characterize the processing of pain within the human
brain, activation produced by noxious stimuli was compared with that
produced by robust innocuous stimuli. Painful heat (47-48 degrees C),
nonpainful vibratory (110 Hz), and neutral control (34 degrees C) stimuli
were applied to the left forearm of right-handed male subjects. Activation
of regions within the diencephalon and telencephalon was evaluated by
measuring regional cerebral blood flow using positron emission tomography
(15O-water-bolus method). Painful stimulation produced contralateral
activation in primary and secondary somatosensory cortices (SI and SII),
anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, the supplemental motor area of
the frontal cortex, and thalamus. Vibrotactile stimulation produced
activation in contralateral SI, and bilaterally in SII and posterior
insular cortices. A direct comparison of pain and vibrotactile stimulation
revealed that both stimuli produced activation in similar regions of SI and
SII, regions long thought to be involved in basic somatosensory processing.
In contrast, painful stimuli were significantly more effective in
activating the anterior insula, a region heavily linked with both
somatosensory and limbic systems. Such connections may provide one route
through which nociceptive input may be integrated with memory in order to
allow a full appreciation of the meaning and dangers of painful stimuli.
These data reveal that pain-related activation, although predominantly
contralateral in distribution, is more widely dispersed across both
cortical and thalamic regions than that produced during innocuous
vibrotactile stimulation. This distributed cerebral activation reflects the
complex nature of pain, involving discriminative, affective, autonomic, and
motoric components. Furthermore, the high degree of interconnectivity among
activated regions may account for the difficulty of eliminating
pathological pain with discrete CNS lesions.
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. P. Dum, D. J. Levinthal, and P. L. Strick
The Spinothalamic System Targets Motor and Sensory Areas in the Cerebral Cortex of Monkeys
J. Neurosci.,
November 11, 2009;
29(45):
14223 - 14235.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. D. Yelle, Y. Oshiro, R. A. Kraft, and R. C. Coghill
Temporal Filtering of Nociceptive Information by Dynamic Activation of Endogenous Pain Modulatory Systems
J. Neurosci.,
August 19, 2009;
29(33):
10264 - 10271.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. J. Starr, L. Sawaki, G. F. Wittenberg, J. H. Burdette, Y. Oshiro, A. S. Quevedo, and R. C. Coghill
Roles of the Insular Cortex in the Modulation of Pain: Insights from Brain Lesions
J. Neurosci.,
March 4, 2009;
29(9):
2684 - 2694.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. D. Lane, S. R. Waldstein, H. D. Critchley, S. W. G. Derbyshire, D. A. Drossman, T. D. Wager, N. Schneiderman, M. A. Chesney, J. R. Jennings, W. R. Lovallo, et al.
The Rebirth of Neuroscience in Psychosomatic Medicine, Part II: Clinical Applications and Implications for Research
Psychosom Med,
February 1, 2009;
71(2):
135 - 151.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. S. Beauchamp and T. Ro
Neural Substrates of Sound-Touch Synesthesia after a Thalamic Lesion
J. Neurosci.,
December 10, 2008;
28(50):
13696 - 13702.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. Davidson, X. Zhang, S. G. Khasabov, D. A. Simone, and G. J. Giesler Jr.
Termination Zones of Functionally Characterized Spinothalamic Tract Neurons Within the Primate Posterior Thalamus
J Neurophysiol,
October 1, 2008;
100(4):
2026 - 2037.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Adachi, G. M. Murray, J.-C. Lee, and B. J. Sessle
Noxious Lingual Stimulation Influences the Excitability of the Face Primary Motor Cerebral Cortex (Face MI) in the Rat
J Neurophysiol,
September 1, 2008;
100(3):
1234 - 1244.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M Valentini, U Kischka, and P W Halligan
Residual haptic sensation following stroke using ipsilateral stimulation
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry,
March 1, 2008;
79(3):
266 - 270.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S.-M. Wang, Z. N. Kain, and P. White
Acupuncture Analgesia: I. The Scientific Basis
Anesth. Analg.,
February 1, 2008;
106(2):
602 - 610.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
Y. Ogino, H. Nemoto, K. Inui, S. Saito, R. Kakigi, and F. Goto
Inner Experience of Pain: Imagination of Pain While Viewing Images Showing Painful Events Forms Subjective Pain Representation in Human Brain
Cereb Cortex,
May 1, 2007;
17(5):
1139 - 1146.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Frot, M. Magnin, F. Mauguiere, and L. Garcia-Larrea
Human SII and Posterior Insula Differently Encode Thermal Laser Stimuli
Cereb Cortex,
March 1, 2007;
17(3):
610 - 620.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. S. Kim
Patterns of sensory abnormality in cortical stroke: Evidence for a dichotomized sensory system
Neurology,
January 16, 2007;
68(3):
174 - 180.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. G. Leknes, S. Bantick, C. M. Willis, J. D. Wilkinson, R. G. Wise, and I. Tracey
Itch and Motivation to Scratch: An Investigation of the Central and Peripheral Correlates of Allergen- and Histamine-Induced Itch in Humans
J Neurophysiol,
January 1, 2007;
97(1):
415 - 422.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. Geuze, H. G. M. Westenberg, A. Jochims, C. S. de Kloet, M. Bohus, E. Vermetten, and C. Schmahl
Altered Pain Processing in Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
January 1, 2007;
64(1):
76 - 85.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
Y. Qiu, Y. Noguchi, M. Honda, H. Nakata, Y. Tamura, S. Tanaka, N. Sadato, X. Wang, K. Inui, and R. Kakigi
Brain Processing of the Signals Ascending Through Unmyelinated C Fibers in Humans: An Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Cereb Cortex,
September 1, 2006;
16(9):
1289 - 1295.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. Mazzola, J. Isnard, and F. Mauguiere
Somatosensory and Pain Responses to Stimulation of the Second Somatosensory Area (SII) in Humans. A Comparison with SI and Insular Responses
Cereb Cortex,
July 1, 2006;
16(7):
960 - 968.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
B. S. Ruehle, H. O. Handwerker, J. K. M. Lennerz, R. Ringler, and C. Forster
Brain activation during input from mechanoinsensitive versus polymodal C-nociceptors.
J. Neurosci.,
May 17, 2006;
26(20):
5492 - 5499.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
D. Ducreux, N. Attal, F. Parker, and D. Bouhassira
Mechanisms of central neuropathic pain: a combined psychophysical and fMRI study in syringomyelia
Brain,
April 1, 2006;
129(4):
963 - 976.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. A. Bagley, S. Ohara, H. C. Lawson, and F. A. Lenz
Psychophysics of CNS Pain-Related Activity: Binary and Analog Channels and Memory Encoding
Neuroscientist,
February 1, 2006;
12(1):
29 - 42.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. B. Eickhoff, A. Schleicher, K. Zilles, and K. Amunts
The Human Parietal Operculum. I. Cytoarchitectonic Mapping of Subdivisions
Cereb Cortex,
February 1, 2006;
16(2):
254 - 267.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. B. Eickhoff, K. Amunts, H. Mohlberg, and K. Zilles
The Human Parietal Operculum. II. Stereotaxic Maps and Correlation with Functional Imaging Results
Cereb Cortex,
February 1, 2006;
16(2):
268 - 279.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Fumal, S. Laureys, L. Di Clemente, M. Boly, V. Bohotin, M. Vandenheede, G. Coppola, E. Salmon, R. Kupers, and J. Schoenen
Orbitofrontal cortex involvement in chronic analgesic-overuse headache evolving from episodic migraine
Brain,
February 1, 2006;
129(2):
543 - 550.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Koyama, J. G. McHaffie, P. J. Laurienti, and R. C. Coghill
The subjective experience of pain: Where expectations become reality
PNAS,
September 6, 2005;
102(36):
12950 - 12955.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C.-C. Kuo and C.-T. Yen
Comparison of Anterior Cingulate and Primary Somatosensory Neuronal Responses to Noxious Laser-Heat Stimuli in Conscious, Behaving Rats
J Neurophysiol,
September 1, 2005;
94(3):
1825 - 1836.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Iwata, H. Kamo, A. Ogawa, Y. Tsuboi, N. Noma, Y. Mitsuhashi, M. Taira, N. Koshikawa, and J. Kitagawa
Anterior Cingulate Cortical Neuronal Activity During Perception of Noxious Thermal Stimuli in Monkeys
J Neurophysiol,
September 1, 2005;
94(3):
1980 - 1991.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. K. Senapati, S. C. Lagraize, P. J. Huntington, H. D. Wilson, P. N. Fuchs, and Y. B. Peng
Electrical Stimulation of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex Reduces Responses of Rat Dorsal Horn Neurons to Mechanical Stimuli
J Neurophysiol,
July 1, 2005;
94(1):
845 - 851.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. K. Afridi, M. S. Matharu, L. Lee, H. Kaube, K. J. Friston, R. S. J. Frackowiak, and P. J. Goadsby
A PET study exploring the laterality of brainstem activation in migraine using glyceryl trinitrate
Brain,
April 1, 2005;
128(4):
932 - 939.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C H Wilder-Smith, D Schindler, K Lovblad, S M Redmond, and A Nirkko
Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging of rectal pain and activation of endogenous inhibitory mechanisms in irritable bowel syndrome patient subgroups and healthy controls
Gut,
November 1, 2004;
53(11):
1595 - 1601.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
D.A. Ettlin, H. Zhang, K. Lutz, T. Jarmann, D. Meier, L.M. Gallo, L. Jancke, and S. Palla
Cortical Activation Resulting from Painless Vibrotactile Dental Stimulation Measured by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
Journal of Dental Research,
October 1, 2004;
83(10):
757 - 761.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Ploner, B. Pollok, and A. Schnitzler
Pain Facilitates Tactile Processing in Human Somatosensory Cortices
J Neurophysiol,
September 1, 2004;
92(3):
1825 - 1829.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Sidhu, M. Kern, and R. Shaker
Absence of increasing cortical fMRI activity volume in response to increasing visceral stimulation in IBS patients
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,
August 1, 2004;
287(2):
G425 - G435.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Gauriau and J.-F. Bernard
Posterior Triangular Thalamic Neurons Convey Nociceptive Messages to the Secondary Somatosensory and Insular Cortices in the Rat
J. Neurosci.,
January 21, 2004;
24(3):
752 - 761.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Kern, C. Hofmann, J. Hyde, and R. Shaker
Characterization of the cerebral cortical representation of heartburn in GERD patients
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,
January 1, 2004;
286(1):
G174 - G181.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. Egan, T. Silk, F. Zamarripa, J. Williams, P. Federico, R. Cunnington, L. Carabott, J. Blair-West, R. Shade, M. McKinley, et al.
Neural correlates of the emergence of consciousness of thirst
PNAS,
December 9, 2003;
100(25):
15241 - 15246.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Vogel, J. D. Port, F. A. Lenz, M. Solaiyappan, G. Krauss, and R.-D. Treede
Dipole Source Analysis of Laser-Evoked Subdural Potentials Recorded From Parasylvian Cortex in Humans
J Neurophysiol,
June 1, 2003;
89(6):
3051 - 3060.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
I. A. Strigo, G. H. Duncan, M. Boivin, and M. C. Bushnell
Differentiation of Visceral and Cutaneous Pain in the Human Brain
J Neurophysiol,
June 1, 2003;
89(6):
3294 - 3303.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. May
Headache: lessons learned from functional imaging
Br. Med. Bull.,
March 1, 2003;
65(1):
223 - 234.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. L. Phillips, L. J. Gregory, S. Cullen, S. Cohen, V. Ng, C. Andrew, V. Giampietro, E. Bullmore, F. Zelaya, E. Amaro, et al.
The effect of negative emotional context on neural and behavioural responses to oesophageal stimulation
Brain,
March 1, 2003;
126(3):
669 - 684.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Frot and F. Mauguiere
Dual representation of pain in the operculo-insular cortex in humans
Brain,
February 1, 2003;
126(2):
438 - 450.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. F. M. DaSilva, L. Becerra, N. Makris, A. M. Strassman, R. G. Gonzalez, N. Geatrakis, and D. Borsook
Somatotopic Activation in the Human Trigeminal Pain Pathway
J. Neurosci.,
September 15, 2002;
22(18):
8183 - 8192.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J.-I Chen, B. Ha, M. C. Bushnell, B. Pike, and G. H. Duncan
Differentiating Noxious- and Innocuous-Related Activation of Human Somatosensory Cortices Using Temporal Analysis of fMRI
J Neurophysiol,
July 1, 2002;
88(1):
464 - 474.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Ostrowsky, M. Magnin, P. Ryvlin, J. Isnard, M. Guenot, and F. Mauguiere
Representation of Pain and Somatic Sensation in the Human Insula: a Study of Responses to Direct Electrical Cortical Stimulation
Cereb Cortex,
April 1, 2002;
12(4):
376 - 385.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Fabri, G. Polonara, A. Quattrini, and U. Salvolini
Mechanical Noxious Stimuli Cause Bilateral Activation of Parietal Operculum in Callosotomized Subjects
Cereb Cortex,
April 1, 2002;
12(4):
446 - 451.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. J. Vogt, L. J. Sim-Selley, S. R. Childers, R. G. Wiley, and B. A. Vogt
Colocalization of {micro}-Opioid Receptors and Activated G-Proteins in Rat Cingulate Cortex
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.,
December 1, 2001;
299(3):
840 - 848.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
N. Witting, R. C. Kupers, P. Svensson, L. Arendt-Nielsen; A. Gjedde, and T. S. Jensen
Experimental brush-evoked allodynia activates posterior parietal cortex
Neurology,
November 27, 2001;
57(10):
1817 - 1824.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. K. Fulbright, C. J. Troche, P. Skudlarski, J. C. Gore, and B. E. Wexler
Functional MR Imaging of Regional Brain Activation Associated with the Affective Experience of Pain
Am. J. Roentgenol.,
November 1, 2001;
177(5):
1205 - 1210.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. Timmermann, M. Ploner, K. Haucke, F. Schmitz, R. Baltissen, and A. Schnitzler
Differential Coding of Pain Intensity in the Human Primary and Secondary Somatosensory Cortex
J Neurophysiol,
September 1, 2001;
86(3):
1499 - 1503.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. K. Hofbauer, P. Rainville, G. H. Duncan, and M. C. Bushnell
Cortical Representation of the Sensory Dimension of Pain
J Neurophysiol,
July 1, 2001;
86(1):
402 - 411.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. C. Coghill, I. Gilron, and M. J. Iadarola
Hemispheric Lateralization of Somatosensory Processing
J Neurophysiol,
June 1, 2001;
85(6):
2602 - 2612.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. Vuilleumier, C. Chicherio, F. Assal, S. Schwartz, D. Slosman, and T. Landis
Functional neuroanatomical correlates of hysterical sensorimotor loss
Brain,
June 1, 2001;
124(6):
1077 - 1090.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Olausson, B. Ha, G. H. Duncan, C. Morin, A. Ptito, M. Ptito, S. Marchand, and M. C. Bushnell
Cortical activation by tactile and painful stimuli in hemispherectomized patients
Brain,
May 1, 2001;
124(5):
916 - 927.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. Ruben, J. Schwiemann, M. Deuchert, R. Meyer, T. Krause, G. Curio, K. Villringer, R. Kurth, and A. Villringer
Somatotopic Organization of Human Secondary Somatosensory Cortex
Cereb Cortex,
May 1, 2001;
11(5):
463 - 473.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
B. D. Naliboff, S. W. G. Derbyshire, J. Munakata, S. Berman, M. Mandelkern, L. Chang, and E. A. Mayer
Cerebral Activation in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Control Subjects During Rectosigmoid Stimulation
Psychosom Med,
May 1, 2001;
63(3):
365 - 375.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
V. Bonhomme, P. Fiset, P. Meuret, S. Backman, G. Plourde, T. Paus, M. C. Bushnell, and A. C. Evans
Propofol Anesthesia and Cerebral Blood Flow Changes Elicited by Vibrotactile Stimulation: A Positron Emission Tomography Study
J Neurophysiol,
March 1, 2001;
85(3):
1299 - 1308.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Liotti, S. Brannan, G. Egan, R. Shade, L. Madden, B. Abplanalp, R. Robillard, J. Lancaster, F. E. Zamarripa, P. T. Fox, et al.
Brain responses associated with consciousness of breathlessness (air hunger)
PNAS,
February 13, 2001;
98(4):
2035 - 2040.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. Bense, T. Stephan, T. A. Yousry, T. Brandt, and M. Dieterich
Multisensory Cortical Signal Increases and Decreases During Vestibular Galvanic Stimulation (fMRI)
J Neurophysiol,
February 1, 2001;
85(2):
886 - 899.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
D. I. Hobday, Q. Aziz, N. Thacker, I. Hollander, A. Jackson, and D. G. Thompson
A study of the cortical processing of ano-rectal sensation using functional MRI
Brain,
February 1, 2001;
124(2):
361 - 368.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
N. Sawamoto, M. Honda, T. Okada, T. Hanakawa, M. Kanda, H. Fukuyama, J. Konishi, and H. Shibasaki
Expectation of Pain Enhances Responses to Nonpainful Somatosensory Stimulation in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Parietal Operculum/Posterior Insula: an Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
J. Neurosci.,
October 1, 2000;
20(19):
7438 - 7445.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Créac'h, P. Henry, J. M. Caillé, and M. Allard
Functional MR Imaging Analysis of Pain-related Brain Activation after Acute Mechanical Stimulation
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.,
August 1, 2000;
21(8):
1402 - 1406.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. I. Moore, C. E. Stern, S. Corkin, B. Fischl, A. C. Gray, B. R. Rosen, and A. M. Dale
Segregation of Somatosensory Activation in the Human Rolandic Cortex Using fMRI
J Neurophysiol,
July 1, 2000;
84(1):
558 - 569.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
U. Ladabaum, S. Minoshima, and C. Owyang
Pathobiology of Visceral Pain: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications V. Central nervous system processing of somatic and visceral sensory signals
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,
July 1, 2000;
279(1):
G1 - G6.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. Macaluso, C. Frith, and J. Driver
Selective Spatial Attention in Vision and Touch: Unimodal and Multimodal Mechanisms Revealed by PET
J Neurophysiol,
May 1, 2000;
83(5):
3062 - 3075.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. V. Apkarian, P. A. Gelnar, B. R. Krauss, and N. M. Szeverenyi
Cortical Responses to Thermal Pain Depend on Stimulus Size: A Functional MRI Study
J Neurophysiol,
May 1, 2000;
83(5):
3113 - 3122.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Blomqvist, E.-T. Zhang, and A. D. Craig
Cytoarchitectonic and immunohistochemical characterization of a specific pain and temperature relay, the posterior portion of the ventral medial nucleus, in the human thalamus
Brain,
March 1, 2000;
123(3):
601 - 619.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. H. Ehrsson, A. Fagergren, T. Jonsson, G. Westling, R. S. Johansson, and H. Forssberg
Cortical Activity in Precision- Versus Power-Grip Tasks: An fMRI Study
J Neurophysiol,
January 1, 2000;
83(1):
528 - 536.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. V. Baciu, B. L. Bonaz, E. Papillon, R. A. Bost, J.-F. Le Bas, J. Fournet, and C. M. Segebarth
Central Processing of Rectal Pain: A Functional MR Imaging Study
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.,
November 1, 1999;
20(10):
1920 - 1924.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. C. Coghill, C. N. Sang, J. Ma. Maisog, and M. J. Iadarola
Pain Intensity Processing Within the Human Brain: A Bilateral, Distributed Mechanism
J Neurophysiol,
October 1, 1999;
82(4):
1934 - 1943.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Boecker, A. Ceballos-Baumann, P. Bartenstein, A. Weindl, H. R. Siebner, T. Fassbender, F. Munz, M. Schwaiger, and B. Conrad
Sensory processing in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease: Investigations with 3D H215O-PET
Brain,
September 1, 1999;
122(9):
1651 - 1665.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. Peyron, L. Garcia-Larrea, M.-C. Gregoire, N. Costes, P. Convers, F. Lavenne, F. Mauguiere, D. Michel, and B. Laurent
Haemodynamic brain responses to acute pain in humans: Sensory and attentional networks
Brain,
September 1, 1999;
122(9):
1765 - 1780.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. Baron, Y. Baron, E. Disbrow, and T. P. L. Roberts
Brain processing of capsaicin-induced secondary hyperalgesia: A functional MRI study
Neurology,
August 1, 1999;
53(3):
548 - 548.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. Naito, H. H. Ehrsson, S. Geyer, K. Zilles, and P. E. Roland
Illusory Arm Movements Activate Cortical Motor Areas: A Positron Emission Tomography Study
J. Neurosci.,
July 15, 1999;
19(14):
6134 - 6144.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. C. Bushnell, G. H. Duncan, R. K. Hofbauer, B. Ha, J.-I. Chen, and B. Carrier
Pain perception: Is there a role for primary somatosensory cortex?
PNAS,
July 6, 1999;
96(14):
7705 - 7709.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Tommerdahl, K. A. Delemos, B. L. Whitsel, O. V. Favorov, and C. B. Metz
Response of Anterior Parietal Cortex to Cutaneous Flutter Versus Vibration
J Neurophysiol,
July 1, 1999;
82(1):
16 - 33.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M.-T. Wu, J.-C. Hsieh, J. Xiong, C.-F. Yang, H.-B. Pan, Y.-C. I. Chen, G. Tsai, B. R. Rosen, and K. K. Kwong
Central Nervous Pathway for Acupuncture Stimulation: Localization of Processing with Functional MR Imaging of the Brain—Preliminary Experience
Radiology,
July 1, 1999;
212(1):
133 - 141.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Ploner, F. Schmitz, H.-J. Freund, and A. Schnitzler
Parallel Activation of Primary and Secondary Somatosensory Cortices in Human Pain Processing
J Neurophysiol,
June 1, 1999;
81(6):
3100 - 3104.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
D. Denton, R. Shade, F. Zamarippa, G. Egan, J. Blair-West, M. McKinley, and P. Fox
Correlation of regional cerebral blood flow and change of plasma sodium concentration during genesis and satiation of thirst
PNAS,
March 2, 1999;
96(5):
2532 - 2537.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. Remy, M. Zilbovicius, J.-D. Degos, A.-C. Bachoud-Levi, G. Rancurel, P. Cesaro, and Y. Samson
Somatosensory cortical activations are suppressed in patients with tactile extinction: A PET study
Neurology,
February 1, 1999;
52(3):
571 - 571.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Tommerdahl, K. A. Delemos, O. V. Favorov, C. B. Metz, C. J. Vierck Jr., and B. L. Whitsel
Response of Anterior Parietal Cortex to Different Modes of Same-Site Skin Stimulation
J Neurophysiol,
December 1, 1998;
80(6):
3272 - 3283.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. A. Porro, V. Cettolo, M. P. Francescato, and P. Baraldi
Temporal and Intensity Coding of Pain in Human Cortex
J Neurophysiol,
December 1, 1998;
80(6):
3312 - 3320.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. H. Duncan, R. C. Kupers, S. Marchand, J.-G. Villemure, J. M. Gybels, and M. C. Bushnell
Stimulation of Human Thalamus for Pain Relief: Possible Modulatory Circuits Revealed by Positron Emission Tomography
J Neurophysiol,
December 1, 1998;
80(6):
3326 - 3330.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. Lobel, J. F. Kleine, D. L. Bihan, A. Leroy-Willig, and A. Berthoz
Functional MRI of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation
J Neurophysiol,
November 1, 1998;
80(5):
2699 - 2709.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
F. A. Lenz, M. Rios, D. Chau, G. L. Krauss, T. A. Zirh, and R. P. Lesser
Painful Stimuli Evoke Potentials Recorded From the Parasylvian Cortex in Humans
J Neurophysiol,
October 1, 1998;
80(4):
2077 - 2088.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. D. Davis, C. L. Kwan, A. P. Crawley, and D. J. Mikulis
Functional MRI Study of Thalamic and Cortical Activations Evoked by Cutaneous Heat, Cold, and Tactile Stimuli
J Neurophysiol,
September 1, 1998;
80(3):
1533 - 1546.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
F. A. Lenz, M. Rios, A. Zirh, D. Chau, G. Krauss, and R. P. Lesser
Painful Stimuli Evoke Potentials Recorded Over the Human Anterior Cingulate Gyrus
J Neurophysiol,
April 1, 1998;
79(4):
2231 - 2234.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. E. Roland, B. O'Sullivan, and R. Kawashima
Shape and roughness activate different somatosensory areas in the human brain
PNAS,
March 17, 1998;
95(6):
3295 - 3300.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. Rainville, G. H. Duncan, D. D. Price, B. Carrier, and M. C. Bushnell
Pain Affect Encoded in Human Anterior Cingulate But Not Somatosensory Cortex
Science,
August 15, 1997;
277(5328):
968 - 971.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. Svensson, S. Minoshima, A. Beydoun, T. J. Morrow, and K. L. Casey
Cerebral Processing of Acute Skin and Muscle Pain in Humans
J Neurophysiol,
July 1, 1997;
78(1):
450 - 460.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. D. Davis, S. J. Taylor, A. P. Crawley, M. L. Wood, and D. J. Mikulis
Functional MRI of Pain- and Attention-Related Activations in the Human Cingulate Cortex
J Neurophysiol,
June 1, 1997;
77(6):
3370 - 3380.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|
|

|