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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 14, 4226-4236, Copyright © 1994 by Society for Neuroscience
Modulation of skeletal muscle sodium channels in a satellite cell line by protein kinase C
R Numann, SD Hauschka, WA Catterall and T Scheuer
Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195.
Adult vertebrate skeletal muscle sodium channels are responsible for the
spread of excitation from the end-plate through the muscle membrane and
transverse tubular system that ultimately leads to contraction. These
channels can be distinguished from other sodium channels by their
sensitivity to both mu-conotoxin and TTX. The mouse satellite muscle cell
line MM14 expresses only TTX- and mu-conotoxin-sensitive sodium channels
having the physiological characteristics of adult skeletal muscle channels
in both undifferentiated myoblasts and differentiated myotubes. Using
undifferentiated and differentiated MM14 cells as well as primary cultures
of rat skeletal muscle, we have examined modulation of adult skeletal
muscle sodium channels by activators of protein kinase C (PKC). Stimulation
of PKC by 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) slows sodium current
macroscopic inactivation rate by up to 70% and reduces the peak sodium
current as much as 88%. Single-channel analysis reveals prolonged single
channel openings and greatly increased probability of multiple channel
openings during sustained depolarizations. These effects are due to PKC
activation since they are blocked by a specific peptide inhibitor of PKC.
The two effects of OAG are sequential. Low OAG concentrations can cause
slowed macroscopic sodium current inactivation in the absence of peak
current reduction, and intermediate concentrations of OAG cause slowing of
inactivation followed by reduction of peak current. The separation of these
two effects indicates that PKC modulation of the skeletal muscle sodium
channel may occur by phosphorylation at two independent sites. PKC
modulation of muscle sodium channels is expected to have important effects
on muscle excitability and resultant contractile activity. Detection of
adult skeletal muscle ion channels in replicating MM14 cells suggest that
satellite cells may express a distinct subset of muscle-specific genes
prior to activation of the terminal differentiation program.
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