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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 110-116, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Adoption reverses the long-term impairment in glucocorticoid feedback induced by prenatal stress
S Maccari, PV Piazza, M Kabbaj, A Barbazanges, H Simon and M Le Moal
Psychobiologie des Comportements Adaptatifs, INSERM U. 259, Universite de Bordeaux II, France.
The development of the organism is subjected to critical and complex
influences during the perinatal period. Prenatal and postnatal stresses can
have different long-term behavioral effects, and appropriate postnatal
manipulations can counteract the behavioral effects of prenatal stress. In
the present study, we investigated the involvement of changes in the
activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the long-term
effects of prenatal and postnatal events and of interactions between them.
We investigated stress-induced corticosterone secretion and hippocampal
corticosteroid receptors in male adult rats submitted to prenatal and/or
postnatal manipulations. Repeated restraint during the last week of
pregnancy was used as prenatal stressor, and adoption at birth was used to
change the postnatal environment. We found that (1) prenatal stress
prolongs stress-induced corticosterone secretion in adult rats, which was
attributed to the observed decrease in central corticosteroid receptors;
(2) adoption, irrespective of the stress experience of the foster mother,
reverses the effects of prenatal stress; and (3) adoption per se increases
maternal behavior and decreases the stress- induced corticosterone
secretion peak in the adult offspring. In conclusion, certain prenatal and
postnatal manipulations appear to have opposite long-term effects on the
activity of the HPA axis, and adoption, probably by modifying maternal
behavior, can protect against the effects of prenatal stress. Thus, changes
in the activity of the HPA axis may be one of the biological substrates of
the long-term effects of certain perinatal events.
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