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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 6461-6474, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Transfer of coded information from sensory to motor networks
E Salinas and LF Abbott
Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254, USA.
During sensory-guided motor tasks, information must be transferred from
arrays of neurons coding target location to motor networks that generate
and control movement. We address two basic questions about this information
transfer. First, what mechanisms assure that the different neural
representations align properly so that activity in the sensory network
representing target location evokes a motor response generating accurate
movement toward the target? Coordinate transformations may be needed to put
the sensory data into a form appropriate for use by the motor system. For
example, in visually guided reaching the location of a target relative to
the body is determined by a combination of the position of its image on the
retina and the direction of gaze. What assures that the motor network
responds to the appropriate combination of sensory inputs corresponding to
target position in body- or arm-centered coordinates? To answer these
questions, we model a sensory network coding target position and use it to
drive a similarly modeled motor network. To determine the actual motor
response we use decoding methods that have been developed and verified in
experimental work. We derive a general set of conditions on the
sensory-to-motor synaptic connections that assure a properly aligned and
transformed response. The accuracy of the response for different numbers of
coding cells is computed. We show that development of the synaptic weights
needed to generate the correct motor response can occur spontaneously
through the observation of random movements and correlation-based synaptic
modification. No error signal or external teaching is needed during this
process. We also discuss nonlinear coordinate transformations and the
presence of both shifting and nonshifting receptive fields in sensory/motor
systems.
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