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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 6498-6508, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Cloning and characterization of chi-1: a developmentally regulated member of a novel class of the ionotropic glutamate receptor family
AM Ciabarra, JM Sullivan, LG Gahn, G Pecht, S Heinemann and KA Sevarino
Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Ionotropic glutamate receptors are composed of homomeric or heteromeric
configurations of glutamate receptor subunits. We have cloned a member of a
novel class of the rat ionotropic glutamate receptor family, termed chi-1.
This subunit exhibits an average identity of 27% to NMDA subunits and 23%
to non-NMDA subunits. Regional transcript levels of chi-1 are elevated just
prior to and during the first postnatal week, with the highest levels
present in the spinal cord, brainstem, hypothalamus, thalamus, CA1 field of
the hippocampus, and amygdala. The spatial distribution of chi-1 expression
is similar from postnatal day 1 (P1) to adulthood. However, transcript
levels decline sharply between P7 and P14 and remain attenuated into
adulthood. Functional expression studies in Xenopus oocytes injected with
in vitro transcribed chi-1 RNA did not demonstrate agonist-activated
currents. Pairwise expression of chi-1 with members of the AMPA, KA, or
delta class of glutamate recepto subunits either failed to generate
agonist-activated currents or failed to alter the underlying current
generated by the coexpressed subunit. However, coexpression of chi-1 with
subunits forming otherwise functional NMDA receptors resulted in an
inhibition of current responses. Since chi-1 did not alter the currents
generated by non-NMDA subunits, this suggests that chi-1 may specifically
interact with NMDA receptor subunits. Further characterization will be
required to establish the precise role of this glutamate receptor subunit
in neuronal signaling.
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