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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 6747-6756, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Localization of thioredoxin in the rat brain and functional implications
A Lippoldt, CA Padilla, H Gerst, B Andbjer, E Richter, A Holmgren and K Fuxe
Max-Delbruck-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch, Germany.
The immunoreactivity for thioredoxin, which catalyzes protein disulfide
reductions, has previously been shown to exist in nerve cells and their
axons. Here we demonstrate the localization of thioredoxin mRNA as revealed
by in situ hybridization in the rat brain. The gene is expressed in nerve
cells of a variety of brain regions, for example, the cerebral cortex, the
piriform cortex, the medial preoptic area, the CA3/CA4 region of the
hippocampal formation, the dentate gyrus, the paraventricular nucleus of
the hypothalamus, the arcuate nucleus, the substantia nigra pars compacta,
the locus coeruleus, the ependyma of the 4th ventricle, and the epithelial
cells of the choroid plexus. This distribution implicates an important
function in nerve cell metabolism, especially in regions with high energy
demands and indicates a role of the choroid plexus in nerve cell protection
from environmental influences. It was found that after mechanical injury
induced by partial unilateral hemitransection the thioredoxin mRNA
expression is upregulated in the lesioned area and spreads to the cortical
hemispheres at the lesioned level. This induction suggests a function of
thioredoxin in the regeneration machinery of the brain following mechanical
injury and oxidative stress.
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