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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 7778-7795, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Perisynaptic surface distribution of multiple classes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on neurons in the chicken ciliary ganglion
HL Horch and PB Sargent
Department of Stomatology, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA.
Most nicotinic ACh receptors (AChRs) studied to date in the embryonic
chicken ciliary ganglion are recognized either by monoclonal antibody (mAb)
35 or by alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-Bgt). Previous studies found that mAb
35-AChRs are found at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites, while
alpha-Bgt-AChRs are found exclusively at extrasynaptic sites. To gain a
three-dimensional understanding of the distribution of these two AChR
classes and their spatial relationship to synaptic sites, we have
visualized mAb 35-AChRs and alpha-Bgt-AChRs immunofluorescently using laser
scanning confocal microscopy and have compared their distribution with that
of the synaptic vesicle antigen SV2. Both mAb 35-AChR and alpha-Bgt-AChRs
are found in clusters that are widely distributed over the surface of
embryonic chicken ciliary ganglion neurons. Some mAb 35- AChRs are located
at synaptic sites, but the bulk of them are located extrasynaptically in
well-defined patches measuring 1-4 micron in diameter. alpha-Bgt-AChRs are
found almost exclusively in these extrasynaptic sites, which thus contain
both AChR types. These sites are often surrounded by elements of the
synaptic calyx but are themselves largely free of SV2 antigen. In 14 week
chickens the relationship between mAb 35-AChRs, alpha-Bgt-AChRs, and
synaptic sites is similar to that in embryos except that in this instance
individual synaptic boutons are often surrounded by AChR-containing
patches. These results suggest that most surface AChRs in both embryonic
and mature chicken ciliary neurons are perisynaptic, which raises questions
about the function of these AChRs.
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