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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 1463-1483, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Analysis of connectivity in the cat cerebral cortex
JW Scannell, C Blakemore and MP Young
University Laboratory of Physiology, Oxford, United Kingdom.
The mammalian cerebral cortex is innervated by a large number of
corticocortical connections. The number of connections makes it difficult
to understand the organization of the cortical network. Nonetheless,
conclusions about the organization of cortical systems drawn from examining
connectional data have often been made in a speculative and informal
manner, unsupported by any analytic treatment. Recently, progress has been
made toward more systematic ways of extracting organizing principles from
data on the network of connections between cortical areas of the monkey. In
this article, we extend these approaches to the cortical systems of the
cat. We collated information from the neuroanatomical literature about the
corticocortical connections of the cat. This collation incorporated 1139
reported corticocortical connections between 65 cortical areas. We have
previously used an optimization technique (Scannell and Young, 1993) to
analyze this database in order to represent the connectional organization
of cortical systems in the cat. Here, we report the connectional database
and analyze it in a number of further ways. First, we employed rules from
Felleman and Van Essen (1991) to investigate hierarchical relations among
the areas. Second, we compared quantitatively the results of the
optimization method with the results of the hierarchical method. Third, we
examined quantitatively whether simple connection rules, which may reflect
the development and evolution of the cortex, can account for the
experimentally identified corticocortical connections in the database. The
results showed, first, that hierarchical rules, when applied to the cat
visual system, define a largely consistent hierarchy. Second, in both
auditory and visual systems, the ordering of areas by hierarchical analysis
and by optimization analysis was statistically significantly related.
Hence, independent analyzes concur broadly in their ordering of areas in
the cortical hierarchies. Third, the majority of corticocortical
connections, and much of the pattern of connectivity, were accounted for by
a simple "nearest-neighbor-or-next-door-but-one" connection rule, which may
suggest one of the mechanisms by which the development of cortical
connectivity is controlled.
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