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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 1631-1647, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Topographic reorganization in the striate cortex of the adult cat and monkey is cortically mediated
C Darian-Smith and CD Gilbert
Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021-6399.
In primary sensory and motor cortex of adult animals, alteration of input
from the periphery leads to changes in cortical topography. These changes
can be attributed to processes that are intrinsic to the cortex, or can be
inherited from alterations occurring at stages of sensory processing that
are antecedent to the primary sensory cortical areas. In the visual system,
focal binocular retinal lesions initially silence an area of cortex that
represents the region of retina destroyed, but over a period of months this
area recovers visually driven activity. The retinotopic map in the
recovered area is altered, shifting its representation to the portion of
retina immediately surrounding the lesion. This effectively shrinks the
representation of the lesioned area of retina, and expands the
representation of the lesion surround. To determine the loci along the
visual pathway at which the reorganization takes place, we compared the
course of topographic alterations in the primary visual cortex and dorsal
lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of cats and monkeys. At a time when the
cortical reorganization is complete, the silent area of LGN persists,
indicating that changes in cortical topography are due to alterations that
are intrinsic to the cortex. To explore the participation of
thalamocortical afferents in the reorganization, we injected a series of
retrogradely transported fluorescent tracers into reorganized and
surrounding cortex of each animal. Our results show that the
thalamocortical arbors do not extend beyond their normal lateral territory
and that this physical dimension is insufficient to account for the
reorganization. We suggest that the long-range intrinsic horizontal
connections are a likely source of visual input into the reorganized
cortical area.
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