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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 2074-2080, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Extinction of conditioned eyelid responses requires the anterior lobe of cerebellar cortex
SP Perrett and MD Mauk
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77225.
We test the hypothesis that the cerebellar cortex is required for the
extinction of conditioned eyelid responses in rabbits trained using
standard Pavlovian delay procedures. Following 10 daily training sessions
during which rabbits achieved asymptotic performance, lesions of the
ipsilateral hemisphere of the cerebellar cortex were made by aspiration.
The target of these lesions was the anterior lobe, as suggested by previous
observations that this region is necessary for the learning-dependent
timing of conditioned eyelid responses (Perrett et al., 1993). We report
that anterior lobe damage, as indicated by disrupted response timing and
confirmed by tissue analysis, produces severe deficits in conditioned
response extinction. Postlesion responses show no significant decline over
ten training sessions, whereas response timing and extinction are
unaffected by lesions that do not include the anterior lobe. These
conditioned responses that do not extinguish display stimulus specificity,
excluding the possibility that they are unlearned responses unmasked by
cerebellar cortex lesions. These observations suggest that Pavlovian eyelid
conditioning is mediated by synaptic plasticity in at least two sites and
the anterior lobe of the cerebellar cortex influences one of these sites
during extinction. Based on these and previous data, we propose the
hypothesis that eyelid conditioning can involve plasticity in both the
cerebellar cortex and interpositus nucleus and that plasticity in the
nucleus is controlled by input from Purkinje cell activity in the cortex.
This hypothesis is consistent with observations that the cerebellar cortex
may not always be required for the expression of conditioned responses, but
it is necessary for response timing and for extinction.
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