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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 3913-3926, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Relationships between dendritic fields and functional architecture in striate cortex of normal and visually deprived cats
A Kossel, S Lowel and J Bolz
Friedrich-Miescher Labor der Max-Planck Gesellschaft, Tubingen, Germany.
We examined relationships between the pattern of geniculocortical
innervation and the dendritic fields of cells in layer 4 of in cat primary
visual cortex. Experiments were performed on normal animals and on cats in
which the geniculocortical projection was altered by monocular deprivation
or by the induction of divergent squint during the critical period.
Thalamic afferents providing the input from the contralateral eye were
anterogradely labeled by injecting the fluorescent tracer Dil into lamina A
of the lateral geniculate nucleus. Intracellular staining with Lucifer
yellow in slice preparations allowed simultaneous visualization of the
morphology of individual cells and the thalamic afferents. Our results
demonstrate that spiny stellate cells close to the upper and lower margin
of the geniculocortical input have highly asymmetric dendritic fields, and
thereby confine their dendrites to the termination zone of these afferents.
This effect was specific for the cell class; it was not observed in
pyramidal neurons. These dendritic asymmetries perpendicular to the laminar
borders of spiny stellate cells were not altered by monocular deprivation
or strabismus. In contrast, visual deprivation strongly influenced the
dendritic arbors of spiny stellate cells near the borders between adjacent
ocular dominance columns. In normal animals, the dendrites of cells near
columnar borders remained preferentially within one column. These dendritic
asymmetries became much more pronounced in strabismic animals. Monocular
deprivation weakened the influence of the columnar borders on dendritic
fields. Spiny stellate cells within the columns of the open eye exhibited a
slight tendency to confine their dendrites to these columns. Cells in the
columns of the deprived eye showed the opposite effect; they extended their
dendrites preferentially into the adjacent columns of the open eye. These
results demonstrate that the segregation of geniculocortical afferents into
ocular dominance columns and its perturbation by manipulation of the visual
input plays an important role in defining the morphology of cortical target
cells. Thus, activity-dependent structural changes not only occur at the
level of the presynaptic terminals, but also at the level of the
postsynaptic target cells, and thereby contribute to build up the
functional architecture of the cortex.
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