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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 4173-4183, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Changes in expression and distribution of Aplysia cell adhesion molecules can influence synapse formation and elimination in vitro
H Zhu, F Wu and S Schacher
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.
5-HT or FMRFamide evoke long-lasting changes in the efficacy of
sensorimotor (SN-L7) synapses of Aplysia, structural alterations of the
presynaptic sensory cell, and cell-specific downregulation in the
distribution of the adhesion molecule apCAM. We examined how the cell-
specific changes in apCAM might contribute to the formation of new
presynaptic varicosities by 5-HT or the elimination of existing presynaptic
varicosities by FMRFamide. We report that the formation of new sensory
varicosities is directed by the presence of preexisting zones on the motor
axon that are enriched for apCAM. Moreover, there was a further enrichment
of apCAM levels at existing sensory varicosities contacting the motor axon
beginning at 1 hr and lasting 24 hr after treatment with 5-HT. As was found
for synapse formation during the early stages of cell-cell interaction,
incubation with anti-apCAM mAb blocked the 5-HT-induced long-term changes
in synaptic efficacy and the accompanying changes in sensory neuron
structure. Long-term synaptic depression with FMRFamide was accompanied by
an overall decline of apCAM levels. Treatment with FMRFamide evoked an even
greater decline in apCAM levels at sites of sensory varicosities that
preceded the structural changes and persisted especially at sites where
sensory varicosities are eliminated. These results suggest that
neurotransmitters evoke both cell- and site-specific changes in the levels
of adhesion molecules that can influence either the formation or the
elimination of presynaptic varicosities that accompany long-term
heterosynaptic modulation of a behaviorally relevant synaptic connection.
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