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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 4612-4617, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Developmental changes in presynaptic calcium channels coupled to glutamate release in cultured rat hippocampal neurons
KP Scholz and RJ Miller
Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampus involves the
participation of at least two types of presynaptic Ca2+ channels, N- type
channels sensitive to omega-conotoxin GVIA (omega-CTx GVIA) and Q- type
channels sensitive to omega-agatoxin IVA (omega-Aga IVA). Hippocampal
pyramidal neurons in cell culture were used to examine the participation of
these two classes of channels at different stages of synapse development.
Specific Ca2+ channel toxins were used to block presynaptic Ca2+ channels
while whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings were used to record evoked EPSCs
in postsynaptic neurons. At immature synapses (cells in culture for 10-15
d), omega-CTx GVIA (1-5 microM) blocked transmission by more than 80% while
omega-Aga IVA (1 microM) was less effective. In older cultures, however,
omega-Aga IVA (1 microM) was more effective than omega-CTx GVIA (1-5
microM) in blocking synaptic transmission. The pharmacological properties
of the omega-Aga IVA sensitive component of synaptic transmission were
examined in more detail using omega-Aga IVA and omega-conotoxin MVIIC
(omega-CTx MVIIC). The properties of this component of transmitter release
indicated that a Q-type Ca2+ channel was involved in presynaptic Ca2+
entry. The results suggest that different classes of presynaptic Ca2+
channels begin to participate in transmitter release at different times
during synapse development and maturation.
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