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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 5130-5138, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Induction of interleukin-6 in axotomized sensory neurons
PG Murphy, J Grondin, M Altares and PM Richardson
Division of Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
RNA from rat dorsal root ganglia was analyzed in search of potentially
beneficial cytokines that are induced in dorsal root ganglia by nerve
injury. By reverse transcription, the PCR, and Southern blotting,
interleukin-6 mRNA was detected during development but not in normal adult
dorsal root ganglia, reappeared within 1 d of sciatic nerve transection,
was maximally increased after 2 and 4 d, and decreased below the threshold
of detection within 1 week. By RNase protection assay, interleukin-6 mRNA
was consistently present in RNA from dorsal root ganglia removed from rats
4 d following transection but not in control dorsal root ganglia.
Interleukin-6 bioactivity was also present in dorsal root ganglia following
nerve injury. By in situ hybridization, interleukin-6 mRNA was localized
within large and medium- sized axotomized neurons. In summary, some sensory
neurons respond to axotomy with a brisk transient increase in synthesis of
interleukin-6. Injury to the sciatic nerve also induced mRNAs for
interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in dorsal root ganglia.
The inductions of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNAs
were later and more sustained than that of interleukin-6 mRNA. The cellular
sources of these two cytokines have not been defined.
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