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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 5346-5359, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Response of serotonergic caudal raphe neurons in relation to specific motor activities in freely moving cats
SC Veasey, CA Fornal, CW Metzler and BL Jacobs
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Serotonergic neuronal responses during three specific motor activities were
studied in nuclei raphe obscurus (NRO) and raphe pallidus (NRP) of freely
moving cats by means of extracellular single-unit recordings. Responses to
treadmill-induced locomotion were primarily excitatory, with 21 of 24
neurons displaying increased firing rates, directly related to treadmill
speed. Individual regression analyses determined three response patterns:
maximal activation at low speed (0.25 m/sec), augmentation of neuronal
activity only at high treadmill speed (0.77 m/sec), and a linear increase.
A smaller fraction of NRO and NRP serotonergic neurons (6 of 27) also
responded to hypercarbic ventilatory challenge with increased firing rates.
The magnitude of neuronal response was dependent upon the fraction of
inspired CO2 and was related to ventilatory motor output, specifically,
inspiratory amplitude. A subgroup of neurons responsive to hypercarbia in
wakefulness demonstrated significant reductions in neuronal response to
hypercarbia in slow-wave sleep. Finally, unit activity for 12 of 29 cells
increased in response to spontaneous feeding, displaying two distinct
patterns of neuronal response in relation to onset and termination of
feeding: rapid activation and deactivation versus a gradual increase and
decrease. More than half of the cells studied under all three conditions
were responsive to more than one motor task. These results indicate that
serotonergic caudal raphe neurons are responsive to specific motor system
challenges, with many neurons responsive to multiple motor tasks, and that
the responsiveness of serotonergic neurons to at least one motor task,
hypercarbic ventilatory challenge, is state dependent.
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