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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 5623-5636, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
Proprioceptive sensory neurons of a locust leg receive rhythmic presynpatic inhibition during walking
H Wolf and M Burrows
Fachbereich Biologie, Universitat Konstanz, Germany.
Mechanosensory neurons from a proprioceptor (the femoral chordotonal organ)
signal the movements and positions of the femorotibial joint of a locust
leg. Intracellular recordings from these neurons during walking show that
their spikes are superimposed on a depolarizing synaptic input generated
near their output terminals in the CNS. The depolarization consists of a
rhythmic synaptic input at each step, and a sustained input that begins
before walking commences. In different sensory neurons, which signal
particular features of the movement, the rhythmic depolarization occurs at
distinct times during either the swing or stance phases of the step cycle.
The depolarizing input is timed to coincide with the greatest spike
response of a sensory neuron. The input is associated with a conductance
change, appears to reverse just above resting potential, and thus has
similar properties to the presynaptic inhibition in these same neurons
during imposed joint movements (Burrows and Laurent, 1993; Burrows and
Matheson, 1994). Three sources could contribute to these inputs: (1)
interactions between sensory neurons of the same receptor signaling the
same movement, (2) signals from different receptors in the same leg and
other legs, and (3) outputs of central neurons involved in generating
walking. When the leg, whose movements the sensory neurons signal is
removed, both the sustained and rhythmic synaptic inputs persist. Sensory
neurons in isolated ganglia treated with pilocarpine are also depolarized
in phase with a rhythmic pattern expressed in leg motor neurons, indicating
that central neurons must contribute. The maintained synaptic input to the
terminals means that the overall effectiveness of the sensory spikes in
evoking EPSPs in postsynaptic neurons will be reduced during walking, and
the rhythmic component means that the spikes from particular sensory
neurons will be further reduced at particular phases of the step cycle that
they signal best.
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