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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 15, 6124-6136, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Neuroscience
ARIA is concentrated in nerve terminals at neuromuscular junctions and at other synapses
AW Sandrock Jr, AD Goodearl, QW Yin, D Chang and GD Fischbach
Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Skeletal muscle ACh receptors (AChRs) accumulate at neuromuscular junctions
(nmjs) at least partly because of the selective induction of AChR subunit
genes in subsynaptic myotube nuclei by the motor nerve terminal.
Additionally, mammalian AChRs undergo a postnatal change in subunit
composition from embryonic (alpha 2 beta gamma delta) to adult (alpha 2
beta epsilon delta) forms, a switch that also depends on innervation. ARIA,
a protein purified from chicken brains based on its ability to induce AChR
synthesis in primary chick muscle cells, is a strong candidate for being
the molecule responsible for these early developmental events. ARIA mRNA
has been detected in embryonic motor neurons during synapse formation, and
the gene continues to be expressed postnatally. In this report, we provide
evidence that ARIA- like immunoreactivity is concentrated in rat motor
nerve terminals from early postnatal ages, and that it can be detected in
motor neurons in E18 embryos. ARIA is also detectable in axons within
colchicine-treated sciatic nerves, suggesting that the protein in the nerve
terminal has been transported from the cell body. ARIA mRNA is present in,
but not restricted to, cholinergic neurons. Likewise, we report here that
ARIA- like immunoreactivity is present in some noncholinergic central
synapses. We also present evidence that isoforms of ARIA are differentially
distributed among functionally distinct classes of neurons.
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