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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 345-353, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
The interaction of imposed and inherent olfactory mucosal activity patterns and their composite representation in a mammalian species using voltage-sensitive dyes
PF Kent, MM Mozell, SJ Murphy and DE Hornung
Olfactory Research Center, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse 13210, USA.
From amphibian data, two mechanisms that could underlie the encoding of
odorants by the mucosal activity patterns they engender are as follows (1)
receptors with similar odorant selectivities could be aggregated spatially
on the mucosa (inherent patterns); (2) in analogy to gas chromatography, as
odorants are drawn along the surface of the mucosa the strongly sorbed ones
could be deposited preferentially upstream, whereas the weakly sorbed ones
could be distributed more evenly (imposed patterns). Do both of these
possible coding mechanisms operate in mammals and, if so, how do they
interact in giving composite patterns (imposed + inherent)? Fluorescence
changes in di-4-ANEPPS applied to rat mucosas were monitored by a 10 x 10
pixel photodiode array. To observe the inherent patterns, three odorants of
varying sorbabilities first were puffed uniformly onto the entire mucosa
mounted in a Delrin chamber. To bring out the imposed patterns, the chamber
was then sealed to replicate anatomically the rat's nasal cavity, and these
same odorants were drawn at three flow rates along the mucosal flow path.
The results demonstrated for the first time the existence of imposed
patterns in a mammal. The strongly sorbed odorants, unlike the weakly
sorbed one, showed marked imposed patterns. Within physiological limits,
increasing the flow rate decreased the magnitude of the imposed patterns.
One might consider strategies that the olfactory process could use either
to negate or to take advantage of the chromatographic effect, because the
lability of the composite patterns with changing stimulus conditions raises
questions about their role in odorant encoding.
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