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Volume 16, Number 10,
Issue of May 15, 1996
pp. 3123-3129
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Naturally Occurring Truncated trkB Receptors Have Dominant
Inhibitory Effects on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling
Received Oct. 17, 1995; revised Feb. 7, 1996; accepted Feb. 19, 1996.
Fernette F. Eide1,
Ella R. Vining2,
Brock L. Eide3,
Keling Zang2,
Xiao-Yun Wang2, and
Louis F. Reichardt2, 4
Department of 1 Neurology, The University of Chicago,
Chicago, Illinois 60637, and 2 Department of Physiology,
3 Cardiovascular Research Institute, and 4 The
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San
Francisco, California 94143-0724
trkB encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by three
neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),
neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4/5. In vivo, three
isoforms of the receptor are generated by differential
splicing gp145trkB or the full-length trkB
receptor, and trkB.T1 and trkB.T2, two cytoplasmically truncated
receptors that lack kinases, but contain unique C termini. Although the
truncated receptors appear to be precisely regulated during nervous
system development and regeneration, their role in neurotrophin
signaling has not been directly tested. In this paper, we studied the
signaling properties and interactions of
gp145trkB, trkB.T1, and trkB.T2 by expressing the
receptors in a Xenopus oocyte microinjection assay. We found
that oocytes expressing gp145trkB, but not
trkB.T1 or trkB.T2, were capable of eliciting
45Ca efflux responses (a phospholipase
C- -mediated mechanism) after stimulation by BDNF. When trkB.T1 and
trkB.T2 were coexpressed with gp145trkB, they
acted as dominant negative receptors, inhibiting the BDNF signal by
forming nonfunctional heterodimers with the full-length receptors. An
ATP-binding mutant of gp145trkB had similar
dominant inhibitory effects. Our data suggest that naturally occurring
truncated trkB receptors function as inhibitory modulators of
neurotrophin responsiveness. Furthermore, the homodimerization of
gp145trkB appears to be an essential step in
activation of the BDNF signaling cascade.
Key words:
BDNF;
dominant negative;
neurotrophin;
truncated
trkB;
tyrosine kinase;
Xenopus oocyte
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