 |
 Previous Article
Volume 16, Number 15,
Issue of August 1, 1996
pp. 4816-4822
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Dextroamphetamine Enhances ``Neural Network-Specific''
Physiological Signals: A Positron-Emission Tomography rCBF
Study
Received Jan. 17, 1996; revised May 13, 1996; accepted May 15, 1996.
Venkata S. Mattay,
Karen Faith Berman,
Jill L. Ostrem,
Giuseppe Esposito,
John D. Van
Horn,
Llewellyn B. Bigelow, and
Daniel R. Weinberger
Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Intramural Research Program,
National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health
Neuroscience Center at Saint Elizabeth's, Washington, DC 20032
Previous studies in animals and humans suggest that monoamines
enhance behavior-evoked neural activity relative to nonspecific
background activity (i.e., increase signal-to-noise ratio). We studied
the effects of dextroamphetamine, an indirect monoaminergic agonist, on
cognitively evoked neural activity in eight healthy subjects using
positron-emission tomography and the O15 water
intravenous bolus method to measure regional cerebral blood flow
(rCBF). Dextroamphetamine (0.25 mg/kg) or placebo was administered in a
double-blind, counterbalanced design 2 hr before the rCBF study in
sessions separated by 1-2 weeks. rCBF was measured while subjects
performed four different tasks: two abstract reasoning tasks the
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST), a neuropsychological test linked to
a cortical network involving dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and other
association cortices, and Ravens Progressive Matrices (RPM), a
nonverbal intelligence test linked to posterior cortical systemsand
two corresponding sensorimotor control tasks. There were no significant
drug or task effects on pCO2 or on global blood
flow. However, the effect of dextroamphetamine (i.e., dextroamphetamine
vs placebo) on task-dependent rCBF activation (i.e., task  control task) showed double dissociations with respect to task and
region in the very brain areas that most distinctly differentiate the
tasks. In the superior portion of the left inferior frontal gyrus,
dextroamphetamine increased rCBF during WCST but decreased it during
RPM (ANOVA F(1,7) = 16.72, p < 0.0046). In right hippocampus, blood flow
decreased during WCST but increased during RPM (ANOVA
F(1,7) = 18.7, p < 0.0035). These findings illustrate that dextroamphetamine tends to
``focus'' neural activity, to highlight the neural network that is
specific for a particular cognitive task. This capacity of
dextroamphetamine to induce cognitively specific signal augmentation
may provide a neurobiological explanation for improved cognitive
efficiency with dextroamphetamine.
Key words:
dextroamphetamine;
rCBF;
PET;
monoamines;
dopamine;
working memory;
hippocampus;
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
D. M. Lipnicki
Higher Sensitivity to Perithreshold Odors when Sitting than when Supine May Be Correlated with Postural Differences in Locus Coeruleus Activity
Chem Senses,
February 1, 2008;
33(2):
223 - 224.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Blasi, V. S. Mattay, A. Bertolino, B. Elvevag, J. H. Callicott, S. Das, B. S. Kolachana, M. F. Egan, T. E. Goldberg, and D. R. Weinberger
Effect of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase val158met Genotype on Attentional Control
J. Neurosci.,
May 18, 2005;
25(20):
5038 - 5045.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Owen
Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of Frontostriatal Circuitry
Neuroscientist,
December 1, 2004;
10(6):
525 - 537.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. K. S. Voeller
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
J Child Neurol,
October 1, 2004;
19(10):
798 - 814.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Winterer, R. Coppola, T. E. Goldberg, M. F. Egan, D. W. Jones, C. E. Sanchez, and D. R. Weinberger
Prefrontal Broadband Noise, Working Memory, and Genetic Risk for Schizophrenia
Am J Psychiatry,
March 1, 2004;
161(3):
490 - 500.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. G. Lewis, A. Dove, T. W. Robbins, R. A. Barker, and A. M. Owen
Cognitive Impairments in Early Parkinson's Disease Are Accompanied by Reductions in Activity in Frontostriatal Neural Circuitry
J. Neurosci.,
July 16, 2003;
23(15):
6351 - 6356.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Ventura, S. Cabib, A. Alcaro, C. Orsini, and S. Puglisi-Allegra
Norepinephrine in the Prefrontal Cortex Is Critical for Amphetamine-Induced Reward and Mesoaccumbens Dopamine Release
J. Neurosci.,
March 1, 2003;
23(5):
1879 - 1885.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Escola, Th. Michelet, F. Macia, D. Guehl, B. Bioulac, and P. Burbaud
Disruption of information processing in the supplementary motor area of the MPTP-treated monkey: A clue to the pathophysiology of akinesia?
Brain,
January 1, 2003;
126(1):
95 - 114.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Cools, E. Stefanova, R. A. Barker, T. W. Robbins, and A. M. Owen
Dopaminergic modulation of high-level cognition in Parkinson's disease: the role of the prefrontal cortex revealed by PET
Brain,
March 1, 2002;
125(3):
584 - 594.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Egan, T. E. Goldberg, B. S. Kolachana, J. H. Callicott, C. M. Mazzanti, R. E. Straub, D. Goldman, and D. R. Weinberger
Effect of COMT Val108/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia
PNAS,
May 24, 2001;
(2001)
111134598.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Devous, M. H. Trivedi, and A. J. Rush
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Response to Oral Amphetamine Challenge in Healthy Volunteers
J. Nucl. Med.,
April 1, 2001;
42(4):
535 - 542.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Mehta, A. M. Owen, B. J. Sahakian, N. Mavaddat, J. D. Pickard, and T. W. Robbins
Methylphenidate Enhances Working Memory by Modulating Discrete Frontal and Parietal Lobe Regions in the Human Brain
J. Neurosci.,
March 15, 2000;
20(6):
RC65 - RC65.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Esposito, B. S. Kirkby, J. D. Van Horn, T. M. Ellmore, and K. F. Berman
Context-dependent, neural system-specific neurophysiological concomitants of ageing: mapping PET correlates during cognitive activation
Brain,
May 1, 1999;
122(5):
963 - 979.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. J. Vaidya, G. Austin, G. Kirkorian, H. W. Ridlehuber, J. E. Desmond, G. H. Glover, and J. D. E. Gabrieli
Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A functional magnetic resonance study
PNAS,
November 24, 1998;
95(24):
14494 - 14499.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. F. Berman, P. J. Schmidt, D. R. Rubinow, M. A. Danaceau, J. D. Van Horn, G. Esposito, J. L. Ostrem, and D. R. Weinberger
Modulation of cognition-specific cortical activity by gonadal steroids: A positron-emission tomography study in women
PNAS,
August 5, 1997;
94(16):
8836 - 8841.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. X. Castellanos
Toward a Pathophysiology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivint Disorder
Clinical Pediatrics,
July 1, 1997;
36(7):
381 - 393.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Egan, T. E. Goldberg, B. S. Kolachana, J. H. Callicott, C. M. Mazzanti, R. E. Straub, D. Goldman, and D. R. Weinberger
Effect of COMT Val108/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia
PNAS,
June 5, 2001;
98(12):
6917 - 6922.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
